Sự khác biệt chính giữa các thì "quá khứ đơn" (simple past), "quá khứ tiếp diễn" (past continuous), "quá khứ hoàn thành" (past perfect) và "quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn" (past perfect continuous) là như sau:
I. Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past):
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.
- Sử dụng các động từ ở dạng quá khứ (V2) để hình thành câu.
- Chú trọng vào hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.
- Ví dụ:
- "I went to the park yesterday" (Tôi đi công viên hôm qua)
- "She studied hard for the exam" (Cô ấy học hành chăm chỉ cho kỳ thi).
II. Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous):
- Diễn tả hành động đang tiếp diễn trong quá khứ.
- Sử dụng cấu trúc "was/were + V-ing" để hình thành câu.
- Chú trọng vào sự tiếp diễn của hành động trong quá khứ.
- Ví dụ:
- "I was watching TV when the phone rang" (Tôi đang xem TV khi điện thoại reo)
- "They were playing soccer in the park" (Họ đang chơi bóng đá ở công viên).
III. Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect):
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
- Sử dụng cấu trúc "had + V3" (động từ phân từ quá khứ) để hình thành câu.
- Chú trọng vào sự hoàn thành của hành động trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
- Ví dụ:
- "She had already finished her homework when her friends arrived" (Cô ấy đã hoàn thành bài tập về nhà khi bạn bè đến)
- "We had lived in that city for five years before we moved" (Chúng tôi đã sống trong thành phố đó trong năm năm trước khi chuyển đi).
IV. Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Past Perfect Continuous):
- Diễn tả hành động đã bắt đầu và tiếp diễn cho đến một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
- Sử dụng cấu trúc "had been + V-ing" để hình thành câu.
- Chú trọng vào thời gian và sự tiếp diễn của hành động trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
- Ví dụ:
- "He had been studying for hours before he finally took a break" (Anh ấy đã học suốt vài giờ trước khi cuối cùng nghỉ ngơi)
- "They had been waiting at the airport since morning" (Họ đã đợi ở sân bay từ sáng).
Điểm khác biệt quan trọng giữa các thì này là thời điểm xảy ra hành động và sự tiếp diễn của nó trong quá khứ. Quá khứ đơn chỉ xác định hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc, quá khứ tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động đang tiếp diễn trong quá khứ, quá khứ hoàn thành nhấn mạnh vào hành động hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ, và quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn tập trung vào thời gian và sự tiếp diễn của hành động trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
Bình luận
The first pie chart shows the percentage of housing owned and rented in the UK in 2007 and second pie chart shows the same for the year 1991.
There has been a drastic increase in number of houses in UK from 22 million homes in 1991 to 27 million homes in 2007. In the pie charts, the mode of procurement of homes is categorised into four types, they are home ownership, social renting, private renting and social housing.
Home ownership accounted for major share of the pie in both years and social housing got the least share in both years. There was a considerable increase in home ownership from 1991 to 2007 and the percentage of homes under social renting and social housing were halved in 2007 from 1991 figures. However, the percentage of people living under private renting remained same in both years.
Overall, more people have moved to owning a house than living under social renting and social housing which indicates that economic status of people living in UK has improved over the years.
It is true that in some countries people spend long hours at work and it happens for several reasons including development of economy, market competition, maximisation of individual wealth, etc. I feel that there are both positive and negative ways of looking at this. However, the negatives outweigh the positives.
People work for long hours in order to achieve great things in life. Long hours of work has helped people to become billionaires. People like Jeff bezos, Jack ma, Elon Musk and Gary Vee have spent most of their waking hours working. In fact, there was a time when Elon Musk used to sleep for just one hour a day and that hard work has paid off. He is one of the most richest people on Earth. It is fine for people living in developed countries to work less, but people in developing countries like India, China and Brazil, work for longer hours in order to survive. The companies in these economies want to work longer to dominate the market and to have an edge over their competitors because of the universal rule, who works more, achieves more.
However, it is unfair that people have to work this hard and long. Why do we live? People these days are born to work until they die. Is this how the system is supposed to be? I don't think so. People must be able to spend time with their family and friends which is becoming uncommon these days. Even entrepreneurs like Elon Musk have said that people should not work this hard. It is not true that people who work less don't succeed. Take examples of countries like Norway, Denmark and Netherlands where people work for lesser hours and still enjoy life as good as people who work for longer hours in countries like India and China.
In conclusion, I would like to say that people should not keep working for major time of their lives. They must spend time with their loved ones more than they spend time at office. In fact, recent studies have shown that people who work for several hours together are less productive.
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In today's society everything needs to be done as fast as possible with good quality. Many people choose to work long hours because of a few reasons. It can be because of supporting their family's needs, getting higher position in the company they work for or the need of being busy all the time. Reasons for that can be differentWe for everybody. There are good and bad sides of that and some of them will be shown in this paper.
What we know is that with hard work and many hours in the office or our work place we can earn better position with higher payment. With that comes more responsibilities but more benefits as well. We are able to afford more trips, own a home, provide better life for our children and live a life with less worries. It can motivate us and to give us passion about our work. Depending on the job we do it can make us feel good about ourselves and to help the people around us. For example working for NGO as Green peace it helps many people and our planet. However there are many good and bad sides of working more than our usual hours.
The negative side it can be bad mental health, often feeling tired and with less energy at home. Partners can split or divorce because of too much ambition at work and less time spend together. If the expectations after many working hours are not met then the person would be disappointed and out of inspiration. That would affect everyone around us and it can lead to the use of alcohol or other addictive things.
Overall we have to find the balance between healthy working hours and free time. Ambition is never a bad quality to have unless it gets dangerous for us. It can take us far or change our lives in bad direction.