Here are some important points about demonstrative adjectives:

1. Definition: Demonstrative adjectives modify nouns by indicating their position or location in relation to the speaker or the context.

2. Types: There are four demonstrative adjectives: "this," "that," "these," and "those."

3. "This" and "These": Used to refer to nouns that are close or near to the speaker.

   • "This" is singular and refers to one item that is nearby.
   • "These" is plural and refers to multiple items that are nearby.

4. "That" and "Those": Used to refer to nouns that are farther or more distant from the speaker.

   • "That" is singular and refers to one item that is farther away.
   • "Those" is plural and refers to multiple items that are farther away.

5. Examples:

   • "This book is interesting." (Referring to a book that is near the speaker.)
   • "That dog is cute." (Referring to a dog that is farther away from the speaker.)
   • "These flowers are beautiful." (Referring to flowers that are close to the speaker.)
   • "Those cars are expensive." (Referring to cars that are distant from the speaker.)

6. Contextual Factors: The choice of demonstrative adjective depends on the physical or perceived distance of the noun and the context of the conversation or situation.

7. Use with Nouns: Demonstrative adjectives must be followed by a noun to complete the sentence.

   • Example: "That house is for sale." (Demonstrative adjective "that" modifies the noun "house.")

Demonstrative adjectives help to identify and point out specific nouns in relation to the speaker or the context. By using them appropriately, you can provide clear indications of the location or proximity of the noun being referred to, facilitating effective communication and understanding.