I. Cooking Methods:

• Boiling: Cooking food in a liquid at a high temperature.

• Baking: Cooking food in an oven using dry heat.

• Grilling: Cooking food on a grill or open flame.

• Frying: Cooking food in hot oil or fat.

• Roasting: Cooking food in an oven using dry heat, typically for larger cuts of meat.

• Steaming: Cooking food by exposing it to steam.

• Stir-frying: Quickly frying small pieces of food in a hot pan with oil while stirring continuously.

• Sautéing: Cooking food quickly in a small amount of oil or fat over high heat.

II. Utensils and Tools:

• Knife: A tool with a sharp blade for cutting.

• Cutting board: A flat surface used for cutting food.

• Saucepan: A deep cooking pan with a handle and a lid.

• Frying pan: A flat-bottomed pan used for frying or sautéing.

• Oven: An enclosed appliance used for baking or roasting.

• Whisk: A utensil with wire loops used for beating or mixing ingredients.

• Mixing bowl: A deep bowl used for mixing ingredients.

• Spatula: A flat utensil used for flipping and turning food.

III. Ingredients:

• Salt: A mineral used to enhance flavor.

• Pepper: A spice used to add heat and flavor.

• Garlic: A pungent bulb used for flavoring dishes.

• Olive oil: A type of oil made from olives, used for cooking and dressing.

• Onion: A bulb vegetable used as a base for many dishes.

• Herbs: Plants with aromatic leaves used for flavoring food, such as basil, thyme, or parsley.

• Spices: Ground or dried plant substances used for flavoring, such as cinnamon or cumin.

IV. Cooking Terms:

• Recipe: A set of instructions for preparing a particular dish.

• Preheat: To heat an oven or cooking surface to a specified temperature before cooking.

• Simmer: To cook food gently in liquid just below boiling point.

• Marinate: To soak food in a seasoned liquid to enhance flavor before cooking.

• Garnish: To decorate or enhance the appearance of a dish with additional ingredients.

• Season: To add salt, pepper, or other spices to enhance the flavor of food.

Remember to practice using these vocabulary words in sentences and conversations to improve your understanding and fluency in English.