Abstract concepts
Here's a list of vocabulary related to abstract concepts, suitable for IELTS band scores 6.5-8.0:
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Ambiguity:
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The quality of being open to more than one interpretation or having multiple meanings.
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Paradox:
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A statement or situation that appears contradictory but may be true.
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Perception:
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The way in which something is understood or interpreted by an individual.
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Consciousness:
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The state of being aware of and able to think, feel, and perceive.
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Empathy:
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The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.
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Intuition:
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The ability to understand or know something instinctively, without the need for conscious reasoning.
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Cognition:
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The mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and senses.
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Moral Relativism:
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The belief that moral principles are not absolute and can vary based on cultural, social, or personal contexts.
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Existentialism:
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A philosophical belief system that emphasizes individual experience, choice, and responsibility in creating meaning in life.
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Ethical Dilemma:
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A situation in which a person is faced with conflicting moral principles and must make a difficult decision.
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Abstract Reasoning:
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The ability to think logically and solve problems using concepts and ideas rather than tangible examples.
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Metaphysics:
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A branch of philosophy that explores fundamental questions about reality, existence, and the nature of being.
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Alienation:
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A feeling of isolation or estrangement from oneself, others, or society.
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Transcendence:
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The act of going beyond or rising above normal limits or boundaries.
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Innovation:
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The process of introducing new ideas, methods, or products to improve or revolutionize existing systems.
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Egalitarianism:
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A belief in equality and the equal rights of all individuals.
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Idealism:
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A philosophical theory that emphasizes the importance of ideas and mind in understanding reality.
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Pragmatism:
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A philosophical approach that emphasizes practical consequences and real-life experiences.
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Skepticism:
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A questioning or doubting attitude towards knowledge, beliefs, or claims.
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Conformity:
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The act of complying with societal norms, rules, or expectations.
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Enlightenment:
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A state of gaining profound knowledge or understanding, often associated with spiritual or intellectual growth.
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Transcendentalism:
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A philosophical and literary movement that emphasizes the individual's connection with nature and intuition.
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Subjectivity:
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The quality of being based on personal opinions, feelings, and interpretations rather than objective facts.
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Utopia:
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An imagined perfect or ideal society, often portrayed in literature or philosophical works.
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Dystopia:
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An imagined society characterized by oppression, suffering, and negative conditions, often depicted in speculative fiction.
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Altruism:
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The selfless concern and actions for the well-being of others.
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Catharsis:
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The emotional release or purging of feelings, often achieved through art or intense experiences.
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Equanimity:
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Mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in difficult situations.
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Spiritual Enlightenment:
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The state of profound understanding and awakening to one's spiritual nature.
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Harmony:
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The state of peaceful coexistence and balance, often used to describe the balance in nature or music.
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Anarchy:
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A state of society without government or authority, often associated with disorder and lawlessness.
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Autonomy:
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The ability or right to self-govern and make independent decisions.
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Nihilism:
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A philosophical belief that rejects traditional values, social structures, and moral principles.
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Euphoria:
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A feeling of intense happiness and excitement.
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Cognitive Dissonance:
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The discomfort caused by holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
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Panacea:
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A remedy or solution that claims to cure all problems or diseases.
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Resilience:
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The ability to bounce back and recover from challenges or adversity.
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Taboo:
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A social or cultural prohibition against certain actions, behaviors, or practices.
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Dichotomy:
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A division or contrast between two things that are represented as being entirely different.
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Empowerment:
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The process of enabling individuals or communities to take control of their lives and make decisions.
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Stoicism:
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A philosophical school of thought that advocates self-control, inner calm, and acceptance of fate.
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Ostracism:
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The exclusion or rejection of an individual from a social group or community.
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Efficacy:
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The ability of an intervention or treatment to produce the desired outcomes.
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Ineffable:
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Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.
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Epiphany:
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A sudden and profound realization or insight.
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Intrinsic:
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Belonging naturally; inherent and essential.
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Extrinsic:
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Not inherent or essential; coming from external sources.
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Equilibrium:
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A state of balance and stability.
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Empirical:
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Based on observation, evidence, and experience.
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Idiosyncrasy:
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A distinctive or peculiar feature or behavior that is characteristic of an individual or group.
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These advanced academic terms can help you express complex ideas and concepts more effectively in your writing and speaking tasks. Good luck with your IELTS preparation!
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