IELTS Mock Test 2020 October

Published on: 11 Oct 2020
Tests taken: 159,376

Answer Keys:

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Part 1: Question 1 - 10

1 B
2 C
3 B
4 C
5 Julie Karas

6 15 Fremont Avenue
7 Hawkesley
8 Science
9 IKE 614T
10 Fiat Panda

Part 2: Question 11 - 20

11 B
12 C
13 C
14 A
15 C

16 E
17 H
18 I
19 D
20 F

Part 3: Question 21 - 30

21 C
22 B
23 A
24 A
25 B

26 G
27 B
28 F
29 C
30 D

Part 4: Question 31 - 40

31 B
32 A
33 H
34 G
35 E

36 D
37 72.3
38 8.1
39 3
40 none

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How to Do Matching Heading Type of Questions in IELTS Reading?

One of the most difficult questions that students face in IELTS reading is matching heading type of questions. Students get worried about solving...

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Review & Explanations:

Part 1: Questions 1-10

Questions 1-4

Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.

Example:

Where did Julie leave her car?

(A) in the underground parking lot

B in the outdoor parking lot

C opposite the university building

D near the Student Services office

What are the regulations for the underground parking area, level 1?

A Undergraduate parking is allowed.
B Postgraduate parking only is allowed.
C Staff parking only is allowed.

Answer: B

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q1 must be “regulations”, “underground parking area” and “level 1”.

According to Vicky, only postgraduate students can park in the underground parking area on Level 1. Therefore, the answer to Q1 must be “B”.

If you don’t have a parking permit, what action will be taken?

A Your car will have a wheel clamped.
B You will pay a fine only.
C Your car will be towed away and you will pay a fine.

Answer: C

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q2 must be “don’t have parking permit” and “action”.

In case students park without a parking permit from the Student Services, their cars shall probably be towed away. They also have to pay a fine after reporting the incident at the Student Services. Therefore, the answer to Q2 must be “C”.

How does Julie usually travel to university?

A by car
B by rail
C by bus

Answer: B

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q3 must be “how”, “Julie” and “travel to university”.

Julie usually travels by train and this is the first time she’s brought her car. Therefore, the answer to Q3 must be “B”.

Where is Student Services located?

A in the Science Department
B next to the football field
C between the cafeteria and the Science Department

Answer: C

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q4 must be “where” and “Student Services”.

The Student Services is located between the Science Department and the Cafeteria. Therefore, the answer to Q4 must be “C”.

Note:

Option A: Option A is incorrect. Vicky advises Julie to go towards the Science Department, but she never states that the Student Services is located inside the Science Department.

Option B: Option B is incorrect, as no facility is mentioned to be located next to the football field.

Questions 5-10

Complete the release form below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

Application for the release of a vehicle in compound.
Name: 5 Address: 6 District: 7 Faculty: 8 Registration number: 9 Make of car: 10

5 Answer: Julie Karas

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q5 must be “name”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a name.

Julie’s full name is Julie Karas. Therefore, the answer to Q5 must be “Julie Karas”.

6 Answer: 15 Fremont Avenue

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q6 must be “address”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be an address.

Julie lives at 15 Fremont Avenue. Therefore, the answer to Q6 must be “15 Fremont Avenue”.

7 Answer: Hawkesley

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q7 must be “district”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a name.

Julie’s home is located at Hawkesley District. Therefore, the answer to Q7 must be “Hawkesley”.

8 Answer: Science

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q8 must be “faculty”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a name.

Julie is from the Science Faculty. Therefore, the answer to Q8 must be “Science”.

Note: Some students may mistakenly believe that “Political Science” is the correct answer of Q8. However, it turns out that Political Science is not a faculty but more like a major. Julie’s actual faculty should be Science. As a result, “Political Science” is incorrect.

9 Answer: IKE 614T

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q9 must be “registration number”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a series of numbers and letters.

Julie’s car registration number is IKE 614T. Therefore, the answer to Q9 must be “IKE 614T”.

Note: Some students may mistakenly believe that “KIE 614T” is the correct answer of Q9. In fact, Julie makes a mistake when she states that her car registration number is KIE 6… Therefore, she corrects herself immediately and provides the clerk with the correct registration number, which is “IKE 614T”. For that reason, “KIE 614T” is incorrect.

10 Answer: Fiat Panda

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q10 must be “make of car”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a name.

According to Julie, her make of car is Fiat Panda. Therefore, the answer to Q10 must be “Fiat Panda”.

Part 1

Part 2: Questions 11-20

Questions 11-14

What facilities are available at each campsite?

Write the correct letter A, B or C next to questions 11-14.

A	a checkpoint but no toilets
B	toilets but no checkpoint
C	a checkpoint and toilets

11 Biddlecombe Cascades

12 Crystal Falls

13 17 Mile Falls

14 Edith River Crossing

11 Answer: B
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q11 must be “Biddlecombe Cascades”.
According to the speaker, the Biddlecombe Cascades only has toilets but no checkpoint. Therefore, the answer to Q11 must be “B”.
12 Answer: C
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q12 must be “Crystal Falls”.
Both Crystal Falls and 17 Mile Falls have toilets and a checkpoint. Therefore, the answer to Q12 must be “C”.
13 Answer: C
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q13 must be “17 Mile Falls”.
Both Crystal Falls and 17 Mile Falls have toilets and a checkpoint. Therefore, the answer to Q13 must be “C”.
14 Answer: A
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q14 must be “Edith River Crossing”.
According to the speaker, the Edith River Crossing has a checkpoint but no toilet. Therefore, the answer to Q14 must be “A”.

Questions 15-20

Label the map below.

Write the correct letter, A - I, next to the questions 15 - 20.

15 Biddlecombe Cascades

16 Crystal Fall viewpoint

17 The Amphitheatre

18 17 Mile Falls Creek

19 Sandy Camp Pool

20 Sweetwater Pool

15 Answer: C
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q15 must be “Biddlecombe Cascades”.
If we follow the 17 Mile Creek, the first campsite that you reach is located at Circle C. Therefore, the answer to Q15 must be “C”.

16 Answer: E

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q16 must be “Crystal Fall viewpoint”.

After walking for 10.5 kilometres, we will reach the Crystal Falls Campsite, which is located at Circle G. Then, we will walk from the campsite to the Crystal Fall Viewpoint, which is located at Square E. Therefore, the answer to Q16 must be “E”.

17 Answer: H

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q17 must be “The Amphitheatre”.

The Amphitheatre is a place of interest. For that reason, it should be demonstrated in squares. If we follow the suggested track, we will reach the Amphitheatre first, which is located at Square H, then reach the campsite. Therefore, the answer to Q17 must be “H”.

18 Answer: I

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q18 must be “17 Mile Falls Creek”.

According to the speaker, there are small cascades flowing above 17 Mile Falls Creek. For that reason, between Circle B and Circle I, Circle I fits the description. Therefore, the answer to Q18 must be “I”.

19 Answer: D

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q19 must be “Sandy Camp Pool”.

After first crossing Edith River, if we follow the river south and cross it several more times, we will eventually make it to the Sandy Camp Pool, which is located at Circle D. Therefore, the answer to Q19 must be “D”.

20 Answer: F

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q20 must be “Sweetwater Pool”.

After leaving the Sandy Camp Pool, we will follow the trail and reach our last stop, which is the Sweetwater Pool located at Square F. Therefore, the answer to Q20 must be “F”.

Previous Next

Part 2

Part 3: Questions 21-30

Questions 21-25

Which person has the following opinion about the incident in 2008?

A	Laura
B	Jamie
C	Denise

Write the correct letter, A, B or C next to questions 21 -25.

21 It was very funny.

22 Some people must have faced serious consequences.

23 It caused embarrassment.

24 It was a very immature thing to do.

25 We are being punished for it.

21 Answer: C

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q21 must be “very funny”.

Denise feels that the 2008 incident was hilarious. In other words, she believes that it was very funny. Therefore, the answer to Q21 must be “C”.

22 Answer: B
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q22 must be “faced serious consequences”.
In contrast, Jamie is afraid that people might have to face serious difficulties. Therefore, the answer to Q22 must be “B”.
23 Answer: A
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keyword concerned in Q23 must be “caused embarrassment”.
Laura, in fact, believes that the incident was such an embarrassment. Therefore, the answer to Q23 must be “A”.

24 Answer: A

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q24 must be “very immature”.

Laura criticizes the spontaneous college student who messed up with the experimentation. In fact, she believes that such student’s behavior was too immature. Therefore, the answer to Q24 must be “A”.

25 Answer: B

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keyword concerned in Q25 must be “being punished”.

Due to the student’s misbehavior, the safety procedures were established and students shall comply with such procedures. As a result, Jamie thinks that they are being punished for things they did not do. Therefore, the answer to Q25 must be “B”.

Questions 26-30

Complete the flow-chart below.

Choose SIX answers from the box and write the correct letter, A - G, next to questions 26 - 30.

A	librarian
B	professor
C	RA
D	laboratory technician
E	safety officer
F	student
G	laboratory supervisor

26 Answer: G

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q26 must be “makes recommendation” and “professor”.

The person who files a recommendation to the professor shall be the laboratory supervisor. Therefore, the answer to Q26 must be “G”.

27 Answer: B

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q27 must be “approve” and “experimental design”.

Upon the receipt of such recommendation, the professor will be responsible for the approval of the experiment. Therefore, the answer to Q27 must be “B”.

28 Answer: F
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The keywords concerned in Q28 must be “notified” and “safety concerns”.
In case the project is not approved, the students shall be notified. Therefore, the answer to Q28 must be “F”.

29 Answer: C

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q29 must be “help write up” and “experimental safety procedure guidelines”.

It is the RA’s responsibility to help students write the experimental safety procedure guidelines. Therefore, the answer to Q29 must be “C”.

30 Answer: D

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q30 must be “approves” and “safety procedure guidelines”.

After finishing the safety procedure guidelines, the student shall give them to the laboratory technician for approval. Therefore, the answer to Q30 must be “D”.

Previous Next

Part 3

Part 4: Questions 31-40

Questions 31-36

Label the map below.

Write the correct letter, A-H, next to questions 31-36.

A	Atlantic rain forest
B	Amazonian rain forest
C	Brazilian forest
D	Caatinga
E	Cerrado
F	Grassland
G	Pantanal
H	Pampas

31 Answer: B
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The largest biome located in the north of Brazil is the Amazonian Rain Forest. Therefore, the answer to Q31 must be “B”.

32 Answer: A

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The Atlantic rainforest is a narrow piece of land located at the eastern Atlantic coast. Upon looking at the map, Number 32 relatively fits the description. Therefore, the answer to Q32 must be “A”.

33 Answer: H
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The southernmost land area of Brazil is called Pampas. Therefore, the answer to Q33 must be “H”.
34 Answer: G
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The furthest left area, which is the smallest of the three, is called Pantanal. Therefore, the answer to Q34 must be “G”.
35 Answer: E
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The central area that is ranked second in total area is called Cerrado. Therefore, the answer to Q35 must be “E”.
36 Answer: D
Listen from here Locate Explain Report
The last biome which has not been named yet is Caatinga. It is located between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest. Therefore, the answer to Q36 must be “D”.

Questions 37-40

Complete the table below.

Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

ANIMAI. PRODUCTION (in millions) in the Biomes of Brazil
AREA	Cattle	Goats	Sheep
Cerrado	37	none	none
Caatinga	23.9	8.8	38
Pantanal	39	none	none
Pampas	26	40	6

37 Answer: 72.3

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q37 must be “Cerrado” and “cattle”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number.
According to the speaker, the Cerrado supports 72.3 million cattle. Therefore, the answer to Q37 must be “72.3”.

38 Answer: 8.1

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q38 must be “Caatinga” and “sheep”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number.

The number of sheep supported in Caatinga is 8.1 million. Therefore, the answer to Q38 must be “8.1”.

39 Answer: 3

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q39 must be “Pantanal” and “cattle”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number.

The Pantanal Biome supports 3 million cattle. Therefore, the answer to Q39 must be “3”.

40 Answer: none

Listen from here Locate Explain Report

The keywords concerned in Q40 must be “Pampas” and “goats”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number.

The speaker clarifies that Pampas supports 26 million cattle and 6 million sheep but no goat is ever mentioned. Therefore, the answer to Q40 must be “none”.

Part 4

Change Audio Sources

Part 1

You will hear two dialogues: the first between two friends at university, the second between one of these people and a university clerk. First you have some time to look at questions 1 to 4.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

You will see that there is an example that has been done for you. On this occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played first.

V =Vicky; J = Julie; C =Clerk

V: Hi, Julie. You look flustered. What's wrong?

J: I left my car parked in the underground parking (lot) and now it's gone.

V; Gone? What do you mean? Do you think it's been stolen?

J: I think so. I'm just so flustered. It's such a big place and I'm not sure. I just can't remember where I left it, or if someone took it.

V: Was it locked?

J: Well, I think I locked it. You know, I was thinking of my class at the time because I was running late, so I'm not one hundred percent sure.

The correct answer is "A". Now we shall begin. You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a second lime. Listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 4.

[REPEAT]

V: Where did you leave it?

J: Underground. It was Level 1.

V: Don't you know that area is for postgraduate students and not for undergraduate students? Did you get a parking permit from Student Services?

J: No, I didn't. So what does that mean?

V: It means that it's probably been towed away.

J: Oh, no. It's the first time I've brought my car. I usually catch the train in.

V: How long has it been parked for?

J: Probably around four hours. Is there anything I can do?

V: Yes. Go to the clerk at Student Services and ask what you have to do to get your car back. You'll probably have to get your car out of the compound, and also pay a fine.

J: I don't believe it!

V: I know it's ridiculous, but it's the only way the university can control how many people park on the grounds. There's just not enough parking to accommodate all the students.

J: They could at least have clamped the wheel. Oh, well. How do I get to Student Services?

V; You go towards the Science Department, which is opposite the football field and next to the cafeteria. It's in the building in between.

J: Okay, so it's in the building in between the Science Department and cafeteria, which is opposite the football field.

V: That's right. Good luck.

Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 5 to 10.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now listen and answer questions 5 to 10.

C: Good morning. Can I help you?

J: Yes, I was told to come here because I seem to have lost my car.

C: What do you mean?

J: Well, it's the first time I've brought my car and I didn't realise there were restrictions, and I think it might have been towed.

C: I see. Are you a postgraduate student?

J: No, undergraduate.

C: Did you get a parking permit?

J: No. I didn't know about the permit.

C: Okay, we'll have to fill out a release form for the compound company where your car has been taken. I'll just need to get some details. Your name?

J: Julie Karas - that's spelt K-A-R-A-S.

C: Julie K-A-R-A-S, And your address?

J: 15 Fremont Avenue.

C: How do you spell Fremont?

J: F-R-E-M-O-N-T, and the district is Hawkesley.

C: How do you spell that?

J: H-A-W-K-E-S-L-E-Y,

C: Faculty?

J: I'm in Political Science.

C: So that's the Science faculty?

J: Yes.

C: What's the car registration number?

J: It's KIE 6... No, sorry, I always get that wrong. It's IKE 6 1 4 T.

C: IKE 614T. What make is the car?

J: It's a Fiat Panda.

C: Do you know the model?

J; The model?

C: Yes, what year was it made?

J; Oh, urn, 1998, I think, and it's white. Well, actually It's cream.

C; A cream 1988 Fiat Panda.

J: No, 1998.

C: 1998. What I'll do is give the car compound a call, and see If they have It in their possession.

J: Okay, so what should I do?

C: Take a seat In the green room. I won't be long.

That is the end of Part one. You now have half a minute to check your answers.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now turn to Part two.

Part 2

You will hear a ranger from the Nitmiluk National Park speaking on a radio programme about hiking in Autralia.

First you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now listen and answer questions 11 to 14

The Jatbula Trail, located within Nitmiluk National Park, is a four-to-five day trek in Australia's Northern Territory. It follows an ancient Aboriginal song line, and the boulders along the way are scattered with rock paintings. There are five campsites along the trail, first, Biddlecombe Cascade, then Crystal Falls, 17 Mile Falls, Edith River Crossing, and finally Sandy Camp Pool. Only ten people at a time are allowed in each campsite, so you must book in advance, although usually you will not see another person on the trail. Every campsite has a source of permanent water, but otherwise, facilities at each campsite vary. Your first stop, Biddlecombe Cascades, has toilets and an emergency call device. The next two stops. Crystal Falls and 17 Mile Falls are the most developed campsites: both offer toilets, an emergency call device, and a checkpoint where you must sign in to help rangers locate you in case of an emergency. Edith River Crossing also has a checkpoint and an emergency call device, but no organised toilets are provided. Sandy Camp Pool is the most primitive site of all; there is nothing there other than a beautiful sandy beach where you can pitch your tent.

Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.

The trail begins at Nitmiluk Centre, where you must register and pay a deposit of 50 dollars. After registering, you may begin your trek. You'll follow the trail overlooking 17 Mile Creek on your left for 8 kilometres until you reach the first campsite, Biddlecombe Cascades, where you'll stop for the night.

On the second day, the track leads north from camp. After you have walked for about 5 hours and 10.5 kilometres, you'll reach Crystal Falls campsite located at a sharp bend in the trail.

There's a marked trail from the campsite to the Crystal Fail viewpoint. Crystal Falls is 30 metres high, and it's breathtaking, so be sure to have a look.

The next day you'll change direction and head west across a valley and then northwest again for about 9.5 kilometres. The track is quite even and flat for the first part of the day, which is a welcome break from the rocky ground of previous days. Before you reach the next campsite, you will pass 'The Amphitheatre' - a butterfly and frog filled canyon that's Important to the aboriginal people who have left Intricate rock paintings on the rock walls. A few kilometres further you'll come to 17 Mile Falls campsite beside a series of rock pools and small cascades above 17 Mile Falls Creek. There Is a lookout over the falls that shouldn't be missed, and is particularly beautiful at sunset.

On day four you'll take your longest hike, 15 and a half kilometres, going to the west. You'll cross a boggy area as you approach the Edith River. If you're tired you may camp here, where you first cross Edith River, or instead follow the river south, crossing it several more times before you reach the campsite at Sandy Camp Pool, where you can spend the last night of your adventure camping on a sandy beach beside a tranquil waterhole.

Leaving Sandy Camp Pool, the track continues through woodland until you pass a checkpoint at Edith River South. From here the trail is lined with the river on the left-hand side and high rocks on the right. One last stop is a must at Sweetwater Pool. This is a large waterhole surrounded by rocky ledges that Is perfect for a picnic before you return to civilisation. Day trippers can access this point from Edith Falls so it may be your first encounter with another person since leaving Nitmiluk. After a swim make your way to Edith Falls, where your adventure ends. Make sure you deregister at the Edith Kiosk, and then take a hot shower.

That is the end of Part two. You now have halt a minute to check your answers.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now turn to Part three.

Part 3

You will hear Laura, a laboratory technician, talking to Jamie and Denise, two students, about the procedure to get their final year chemistry projects approved.

First you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now listen and answer questions 21 to 25

L= Laura, laboratory technician J=Jamie, student D= Denise, student

L: HI there, I'm Laura. I'm the laboratory technician for these chemistry labs, and Professor Mills has asked me to explain the procedure that you'll all have to go through to get your final year projects approved. Most of the procedure involves safety concerns, which we take very seriously. We don't want any uncontrolled explosions, no fires, and definitely no incidents with toxic gases.

D: You mean like what happened in 2008 when the whole science block had to be evacuated?

L Yes, exactly! So you've heard about that already, Denise?

D: Professor Mills told us about it on the first day of class. It was hilarious!

J: Yeah, but I reckon some people must have gotten into a lot of trouble.

L: To be honest it was mortifyingly embarrassing for the chemistry department, because, not only could no one identify what the toxic substance was, but also at the time of the incident, no one was actually authorized to be carrying out experiments with any toxic substances whatsoever. It turned out a student had got a bit bored and had decided to do some spontaneous experimentation by mixing up some random powders that were lying around. This is actually incredibly foolish, because there are some extremely dangerous substances in the laboratory stores, and everyone was utterly shocked that someone of college age would do something so childish and irresponsible. And, in effect, this Incident was the reason we developed the safety procedure that each of you must now go through before we let you loose in the laboratory to do your final year project. The procedure will force you to really be aware of safety issues, so just In case, at the moment, any of you think it would be a laugh to mix up some colourful substances or light things on fire for no reason, by the time you've worked your way through the procedure, you'll at least pause for a second thought; at least, we would hope so!

J: So, uh, can I ask something?

L Yes, Jamie?

J: So, we're basically being punished because some other student was irresponsible?

L: Actually, the approval process isn't as bad as that. We can't really call It a punishment! It seems really very long and cumbersome at first, because you'll have to get a lot of different tasks stamped for approval by a lot of different staff members, and I'm sure most of them will have various concerns and suggestions. But my aim today Is to break down the process, and explain all the different steps to you, so that it doesn't seem quite so bad.

Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 26-30.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now listen and answer questions 26-30.

L: All right, let's get started. As I said before, a number of different staff members will be giving you suggestions, and they may not always agree, so just to keep things clear, you should remember that the laboratory supervisor has the final say about whether or not an experiment may be done here, in our laboratory. Your professor has the final say on whether you can do a particular experiment for your project, provided it's approved by the laboratory, and I've got the final say on how it may be done.

So, the first step is that you will fill out this safety assessment form. You will have to have a fairly clear idea of your experiment, because you'll need to list all the chemicals you'll be using, the quantities you'll be using for each one, and the nature of the reactions that you'll carry out. You'll also be required to provide a week-by-week schedule so that we can be sure that whatever substances you're working with won't prove to be incendiary if they get mixed up with whatever the person next to you on the bench is getting up to. Really, for most of you this assessment form will be quite straightforward because you're simply not going to be working with anything very dangerous. But for some of you, particularly if you are working with any volatile substances, it could be a bit more complicated. You might have to justify the use of certain substances, or only be allowed to use them on particular days.

Now then, after you've filled out your safety assessment form, and given a copy to your professor, you will submit it to the laboratory supervisor, and he'll review it. This could take a couple of weeks so do It early, don't leave it to the last minute; he's a busy man.

The laboratory supervisor will eventually make a recommendation to your professor about whether the experiment can go ahead, requires modifications, or may not be done. Next, your professor will either approve the project, or not. If your professor does not approve the project due to safety concerns, then you, the student, will be notified and you'll begin the process over again by submitting a new safety assessment form that takes into account those troublesome safety issues. Is everyone with me so far?

J: Uh... I have a question.

L Yes, Jamie?

J: Er, so if we have to wait weeks for the laboratory supervisor to give his approval, and then we have to re-do the form, uh, we're going to be quite behind our classmates who got approval on their first go. That's a bit unfair, isn't it? I mean, some people are going to have an advantage of several weeks over other people.

L: Well, you needn't really worry about getting behind at this stage; after all, you'll have six months to work on your final project. And you'll only get a two-week block of laboratory time, anyway, so there's time to wait for the laboratory supervisor, provided you get started promptly and don't leave it all to the last two months! Also, don't forget that this is only one step; there are plenty of other steps for other students to get hung up on farther down the line. It will all balance out.

D; But, um, Laura, what if our projects aren't approved?

L: Then you'll come up with another one. Don't get too attached to your project in the beginning. Projects get turned down. Let's see, last year I think only 15 projects got approval on their first go.

J: Out of how many?

L: Out of.... about......45, I think; there are less of you this year.

But still, be prepared to come up with an alternative project. There are plenty of people to help you If you need Ideas; your professor, his RAs, even your fellow students. And don't forget that in the first months of your project the library will be your second home, and the librarians will be your greatest friends.

D: Laura, what's an RA?

L: RA stands for research assistant, like Jess, over there, In the lab coat. HI, Jess! Now, once your professor has approved your project, you will need to write up a set of experiment safety procedure guidelines. This will Include all the practical steps you'll take to keep safe, and exactly what you'll do If you have a spill or some such thing.

D: How will we know all this? We've got no experience in the laboratory.

L: Well, after your professor approves your project, he'll assign an RA to help you write the experimental safety procedure guidelines.

You won't be on your own. Finally, once that's written, you'll give it to the laboratory technician, that's me. for approval. If I approve it, then you can begin your experiment. If there are problems, we'll sit down together and talk about it, then you and your assigned RA will come up with a way of making your experiment completely safe to conduct, you'll re-do the guidelines, and give it to me again, until it's approved. But the RAs know what they're doing so I don't expect there will be too many problems. Ok? Any questions?

That is the end of Part three. You now have half a minute to check your answers

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now turn to Part four

Part 4

You will hear part of a lecture about the different biomes that are present in Brazil, given as an introduction to a course about sustainable development in South America.

First you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

Now listen and answer questions 31 to 40

To begin our topic on sustainable development in South America, I would like to briefly acquaint you with the 6 biomes present in the country. Each of these biomes has its own geographic and environmental features, has unique resources that people may exploit, and indeed, each is facing different threats from human development.

Biomes, if you recall, are regions that are climatically and geographically defined and contain distinct communities of plants and animals. They are sometimes named for* the plant communities that occur such as forest, savannah, and grassland; whether these plants are evergreen or deciduous; and climatic factors as well, for example, tropical, temperate, etc.

All right, let's take a look at this map of Brazil. The largest biome in Brazil is the Amazonian Rainforest Biome, which you can see located in the north of the country. It's one of two rainforest biomes in Brazil; the second being the Atlantic rainforest Biome, which is located in a relatively narrow strip running up the eastern Atlantic coast. In the very southernmost part of Brazil, bordered by the Atlantic rainforest, lies the very small and relatively unstudied Pampas biome, which is grassland. Finally, stretching like a belt across the middle of the country, between the two rainforest biomes, lie the Pantanal, the Cerrado, and the Caatinga. Starting at the left of the map, you can see the smallest of the three, which is the Pantanal Biome a unique seasonally flooded wetland area. In the centre of the country is the Cerrado, the second largest biome in Brazil.

Cerrado is tropical savannah - a scattering of grassland and deciduous forest that experiences a short dry season. Finally, the last biome, called Caatinga, is located between the Cerrado and the Atlantic forest in the north east of the country. The Caatinga has a very long dry season, lasting 8 to 9 months, and is covered in deciduous scrub.

So, let's begin with the Amazonian Rainforest Biome. As I mentioned previously, it's rainforest, and it's incredibly diverse. It contains the largest single reserve of biological organisms in the world. No one really knows how many species occur in the Amazon forest, but scientists estimate that there could be as many as 5 million. Recently this biome has been under a great deal of pressure from agriculture, with large swathes being cleared and burned to create pasture for the 19 million cattle that the area supports. However, the soils are acidic with very low levels of certain important minerals, and are quickly degraded when heavily grazed, which necessitates more clearing and burning of forest. The rainforest is further disturbed by selective logging of valuable tree species.

Pause (4 seconds)

The second largest biome in Brazil is the Cerrado, which is a tropical savannah environment made up of sparse trees and drought resistant grasses. The Cerrado also contains a huge biodiversity; it's estimated that one third of Brazil's plant and animal species are located in this region. But since 1995, the cultivated pasture area in the Cerrado has increased by almost 70%. It is a common practice to use newly cleared land for the cultivation of crops for a few years, and then when it starts to degrade, to use it for pasture for cattle. The Cerrado now supports 72.3 million cattle, which amounts to 41 percent of the cattle in Brazil.

Next, we have the biome called the Caatinga, which is a tropical dryland with a dry season that lasts 8 or 9 months of the year. Vegetation is deciduous, sparse and thorny, and contains a high number of species endemic to Brazil. Agriculture is limited by the lack of water but this biome supports 8.8 million goats and 8.1 million sheep, besides 23.9 million cattle.

The Pantanal Biome, a wetland formed by the flooding of the rivers of the Paraguay basin, is the world's biggest flooded plain. Vegetation is patchy and variable; it consists of tall grasses, bushes, and widely dispersed trees similar to those of the Cerrado, except that in the Pantanal they are partially submerged for a portion of the year. Three million cattle are raised in this biome, however the available grazing area is limited by flooding so large areas can sustain only low numbers of animals. UNESCO recognizes it as a "World Biosphere Reserve" and also as a "World Natural Heritage Site." Eco-tourism is becoming important in this region, which diversifies the economic activity.

The Atlantic Rain Forest is the most endangered biome in Brazil and also its most affluent region. It's the most important agricultural and industrial area of the country. It supports 36 million cattle, and most of the country's dairy production takes place there. More than 70% of the Brazilian population, the largest Brazilian cities and the production of about 80% of Brazil's gross domestic product are all located in what used to be the Atlantic Forest. Today, as a result, less than 10 per cent of the Atlantic forest is left. The Biome is also beginning to be recognised as ecologically very important; in the state of Bahia, for example, international researchers have identified a world record of 458 tree species in a single hectare of Atlantic Forest. That is even more diverse than the Amazon rain forest. At the moment, less than 2% of the remaining Atlantic forest is under protected status, and the scientific community is scrambling to secure what little undisturbed forest still remains.

Finally, the Brazilian Pampas Biome has a temperate climate - it's the only biome in Brazil that is not tropical. Grasslands scattered with shrubs and trees are the dominant vegetation. The shallow soil, originating from sedimentary rocks, often has an extremely sandy texture that makes it fragile and highly prone to water and wind erosion.

The Pampas supports 26 million cattle and 6 million sheep, in mostly natural unmodified pastures: however this biome is being threatened with rapid conversion to the agriculture of cash crops.

All right, so, next week we will go into more detail about the economic policies of the Brazilian government in relation to the development of each of these biomes.

That is the end of Part four. You now have half a minute to chuck your answers.

(Pause the recording for 30 seconds)

That is the end of the listening test. In the IELTS test you would now have ten minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer shoot.

named for* [*in AmE 'named for' is used almost as often as 'named after' and has an identical meaning]

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NEW

IELTS Mock Test 2020 October

Part 1: Question 1 - 10

Part 2: Question 11 - 20

Part 3: Question 21 - 30

Part 4: Question 31 - 40

Tips for improving your ielts score

How to Do Matching Heading Type of Questions in IELTS Reading?

Questions 1-4

Questions 5-10

Application for the release of a vehicle in compound.

Questions 11-14

Questions 15-20

Questions 21-25

Questions 26-30

Questions 31-36

Questions 37-40

ANIMAI. PRODUCTION (in millions) in the Biomes of Brazil

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4

Comments:

About us

Our mission

NEW

IELTS Mock Test 2020 October

Part 1: Question 1 - 10

Part 2: Question 11 - 20

Part 3: Question 21 - 30

Part 4: Question 31 - 40

Share your score

Tips for improving your ielts score

How to Do Matching Heading Type of Questions in IELTS Reading?

Questions 1-4

Questions 5-10

Application for the release of a vehicle in compound.

Questions 11-14

Questions 15-20

Questions 21-25

Questions 26-30

Questions 31-36

Questions 37-40

ANIMAI. PRODUCTION (in millions) in the Biomes of Brazil

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4

Comments:

About us

Our mission