In “causes and effects” type of essay, IELTS examiners want you to discuss the causes or reasons of the problem in one paragraph.The likely effects of that problem in the second paragraph separately. Therefore, it is important that you find out relevant points of causes (reasons) and effects for IELTS Writing . Please note that in this question, you should not make any paragraph about solutions.
Let’s look at an example:
Obesity in children is a serious problem in a number of countries.
What are the causes of obesity in children?
Discuss the possible alarming effects of this problem in the future.
Solution:
With this type of essay, you have two points to be discussed:
1. Causes of obesity in children in developed countries.
2. Effects of obesity in the future in developed countries.
You must discuss both of them by giving reasons and support them with examples.
If you do not discuss any of the above two points in the essay, you will lose marks.
So, in this type of essay, you must explain both the points.
How to structure it?
The essay can be structured mainly in 4 paragraphs as follows:
Introduction
Causes & Reasons
Effects
Conclusion
Further structuring of the paragraphs can be done as follows:
a. Introduction
Paraphrase the Question
Outline the sentence
b. -Body Paragraph 1 (Causes (reasons))
State the cause (reason)
Explain how it is the cause (reason)
Write an example
c. (Effects)
State the likely effect
Explain how this can be the possible effect
Write an example
d. Conclusion
Sentence 1- Write summary of the main points
Here, Four paragraphs are sufficient to explain your point of view. So,You may use any other structure you are comfortable with.This structure is approved by the IELTS examiners to help the students write in an effective and cohesive manner.
Sample Question:
Also, You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
Obesity in children is a serious problem in a number of countries.
What are the causes of obesity in children?
Discuss the possible alarming effects of this problem in the future.
Here, Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
Sample Answer:
Here, Over the past few years, developed countries have encountered various cases of children suffering from the problem of obesity. This essay will discuss the possible causes for this increasing problem among children and also suggests the possible consequences that may result in case of negligence.
Furthermore, To embark upon, one of the main causes of obesity among children is poor diet as they are often seen eating junk food. At almost every corner of the street, one can found restaurants offering mouth tempting fast foods. Kids at home also are found to eat processed food because their parents do not find sufficient time for preparing the food. For example, packaged foods are purchased and kept in fridge for days. This food is not fresh and healthy. Hence affects their health, leading to build up of fat and compromising their fitness.
As a result, there are many possible consequences faced by the children. One such ill-effect is the risk of developing health related severe diseases like diabetes. So,This kind of debilitating illness implies that the child would need to be injected with insulin for the whole life. Moreover, overweight children are often found to be bullied . For example, many overweight kids are found disturbed facing the negative stigma of being obese
Here,On the whole, it is evident that there are various causes responsible for obesity among children and can lead to serious consequences in the future. Also, It is the duty of their parents and relatives to ensure that appropriate steps are taken to prevent this problem from getting worst in the future.
(279 words)
Vocabulary and Phrases:
Useful vocabulary for Causes (Reasons)
- One of the causes/The reason is that
- Because/Since
- Due to this/Because of/Owing to/Lead to
- As a result/Lead to the problem/Can attribute to
Useful vocabulary for Effects
- Consequence of/As a result of/Because of/Due to
- Make/Create/Change/Effect/Affect/Result
- Risk of/Leading to
Exercise:
Write an essay of about 250 words on the following topics. Use the vocabulary mentioned above.
1. Also,There are a number of skin-whitening products available in the market. State the reasons why people are using these products? Discuss the possible negative outcomes of using these products.
2. Here,With the advancement of technology, social interaction among people has affected to a greater extent. What are the reasons of reduced social interaction? Suggest whether this would lead to a positive or negative effect in the future.
3. So,Almost everybody nowadays is found using personal vehicle for travelling purpose. What are the reasons of this increasing trend? Explain what negative outcomes may be faced in the society due to this.
Comments:
On the contemporary era, there is a heated arguments about utilisation of leisure time. A section of society believe that it is very useful to utilise their free time to do few activities like reading and puzzles. While there are some individuals who suggest that people do not need to pressure their mind on leisure time. In my discussion ahead, i will examine both contradicting views before it reaches to an appropriate conclusion.
A Few section of society believes that people need to update their mind and augment their skill through reading and solving tough puzzles. Nowadays, competition is incresing day to day. Hence human need to clear those competition with flying colors. For example, in china, majority of resident use their mind to develop technology. Due to this, from now, China take senior position for technology compared to other countries. Hence this is mandatory to use all time to increase skill power.
On the other hand, there are some individual who suggest that it is require to take rest the mind. In today's era, majority of people work on corporate world with hectic schedule. On weekend or free time, they require rest of their mind to collecting energy for next day. In addition to that they spend few times with their family and enjoy those days. For example, in USA, number of humans work and get outside from home for whole day. So those people go for enjoy and eat food with families on weekend. Hence, this is also important part of relaxation.
To recapitulate, few people believe that competition spend everywhere, it is require to update their skill. And some people feel that people need to take rest for their mind for accumulating energy for next day. Here both these views hold on their respective position and relevance.
The table represent weekly information of sales of a small central business district from 7th october to 13th october. Overall, majority of people take much food at dinner rather than as lunch.
It is crystal clear that people choose to take food outside and spend $2,400 on lunch which is increase by 50 more on Tuesday. On next day, restaurant earn $2,595 on lunch which is drastically reduced and reach $2,375 on Thursday. In addition to that there are sale price $2,500 on Friday and $1,950 on Saturday. on last day, sale incur only $1,550.
In case of dinner time, sale of restuarant is augmenting day to day upto Friday. Like on the starting phase on Monday, sale is $3,623 which is go up and reach $3,850 on Tuesday and Wendesday. On friday, sale is $4,350. But on last two day, sale is diminishing like $2,900 on Saturday and $2,450 on Sunday.
Summarizing all the given information, restaurant earn more money on friday dinner.
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The table above gives information about downtown business district of small restaurant sales in week of october 7 to 13.
Overall, the sales of restaurant for lunch is high at Wednesday, whereas for dinner Thursday was having highest number of sale ,moreover for both lunch and dinner Sunday was low day of sale in this week.
Looking at detail, from Monday to Wednesday the sale for lunch is in uptrend where total number of sale reach to 2595 at it high from 2400.Thursday and Friday sale were reported as 2375 and 2500 respectively. Saturday and Sunday follow downtrend from 1950 to 1550.
Furthermore, dinner sale from Monday to Thursday are range within 3600 to 3850.were they reported they highest sale on Friday as number stand at 4350.for Saturday and Sunday the total number of sale was 2900 and 2450, whereas for both lunch and dinner , Sunday was reported as lowest sales day from 7 to 13 october
the table gives information about sales ( in dollars) of small scaled hotel at a downtown business district in a week of october from date 7th to 13th.
overall sale of of lunch remain linear with slight ups and downs till friday, followed by decline in weekend. were as sales form dinner followed more positive trend through out the ,working days followed by drastic dip post friday. while dinner sales for tuesday and wednesday remain equal.
to begin with, the friday recorded most number of sales through out the day. were money made by selling lunch was second most and sales of dinner were at its peak 2500 and 4350 respectively. peak sale of lunch was registered on wed and it was around 2595 dollars. and more surprisingly least number of sales were found on weekend specially on sunday where sales of entire day was at its lowes through the whole week
sales made on monday, tuesday and thursday was seen more linear with slight fluctuation. amount made from selling lunch and dinner was less than or equal to 2450 dollars and 3850 dollars respectively.
Everyone in today's world is busy with lot of work and tension. Everyone wants and need a break from their routine activities. Leisure time in my opinion is the best way out to break even the daily routine and rest your body and mind. When talking about the leisure time it depends on individual how he or she wants to spend this time during their break. Some wants to just relax and enjoy every moment with either near the beach or on the mountains. Some wants to enjoy this time either at a beach, mountains or home with books and puzzles.
In my opinion, it depends on individual how he or she feel relaxed with. Some want to give rest to their body and mind and other wants to put their mind in puzzles, reading or doing activities to break even from their daily work.
There have been many research which have proved that doing puzzles and reading books help an individual mind to develop more and helps him or her think more and utilize their brain more. It is the fact that reading does not mean reading novels or books. One can utilize their time reading newspapers, Cooking, doing home activities, and reading history, playing games like chess and other boards game. Every individual get pleasure and relax from a different activity they perform according to various studies.
Also, reading books and magazines help individual develop their vocabulary, grammar and knowledge. They can utilize these skills in their future. Puzzles also help one to have analytical knowledge and critical thinking . They help in utilizing their mind to the fullest. I have a friend who likes to read and play the cube puzzle. Where ever he go he feel relaxed with reading books and playing the cube puzzle. These activities make him feel more relaxed.
On the other hand, it is hard to get the leisure time in todays busy life. Relaxing the mind and body is also important. There have been numerous studies which dictates that relaxing the mind and body helps individual to think more and perform better. Relaxed mind help individual to utilize their brain more than the occupied mind. Relaxing is very important. It is evident that mind, heart and body are interconnected and many signals are flowing from each other. If mind gives a signal that goes to body to perform. In my opinion, individual should relax their mind to help them perform better. Relaxing does not mean that mind goes for sleep. Every activity we do puts our mind into functioning. Relaxing means not utilizing the brain much to think and act. During leisure one should just enjoy the nature, fun activities, watching movies and good food. It is evident that good food also help the body and mind to relax. Taking about myself, I want to keep my mind free from everything when i go for leisure. To do so, I keep my phone switched off during my leisure so that I can relax and does not get disturbed from family, friends or office. Me and my wife wants to relax near the sea shore with a cold drink and does not want to get disturbed by anyone. We both personally do not get relaxed by reading or puzzles. We like to relax our body and mind as we know after this family time we again have to put our energy and mind in those activities back home and office. For us leisure time means just relax and enjoy each others company.
To conclude, using leisure time depend on various factors, individual choice and situation. For some reading books and solving puzzles make them feel relaxed and fresh and for other relaxing and giving rest to body and mind makes them feel fresh. Talking about myself and my family we all like to be relaxed with not more pressure on brain for reading and solving puzzles. we want to just enjoy this time with relaxing and fun. I would also like to mention that time does not come back, if you get leisure time enjoy it to the fullest the way which help you feel relaxed and satisfied.
Downtown Restaurant sales for the week starting October 7th is indicated in the table provided. It is evident that the sales of the restaurant is more during dinner hours compared to lunch hour even though the restaurant is in Downtown area with lot of work places nearby. It is also known that people want to hang out after office hours to relax proving the higher dinner sales.
Looking about the lunch hour sales, Wednesday has the maximum sale during the week followed by Friday, Tuesday and Monday. Saturday and Sunday reported the lowest sales as most of the offices stands closed during these days.
When looking at the dinner sales, Friday reports the highest sales due to weekend eve and people want to chill and hang out before weekend. Tuesday and Wednesday reports the second highest sales followed by Thursday and Monday. Again, the dinner sales for Saturday and Sunday remain low.
If we see the overall sale, Friday looks to be the most busiest day during the week with other week days having a similar sales with plus or minus 100 dollars. and weekends have the least sale. The restaurant need to bring in some offers to attract more customers on weekend with may be cheap buffet offers, happy hours or buys one get one free offers.
It is clear from the table that the restaurant is doing pretty good business during the whole week with weekdays bringing in a lot of revenue compared to weekend.
write overview in different passage
A highly controversial today relates to wheter to have spare time for activities that improve the intelligent or not. This essay will discuss both side of this argument and give my own point of views on the matter.
On one side of this argument, there are many people who believe that the merits of using leisure time for the activities that improve the mind considerably outweifht the drawbacks. The main reason for the believing is that these activities can enhance the knowledge of people who take part in the activities. Reading a book is a perfect example for this, as books contain useful information about many aspect of life, people can learn many things from books. It is also possible to say that people's memory can be improve by these activities. This is because your brain is always active when you reading books or solving puzzle, all these activities required good memory, and you have to use all power of your brain to remember them. This will lead to better memory as your brain is alway active.
On the other hand, it is also possible to make the opposing case. It is often argue that in fact, resting the brain during free time is a better choice. People often have this opinion because they think that when taking these activities, the brain is completely rest, so people feel more relax. A second point is that resting the brain may help people to improve their physical health. Take playing football for instance, as soccer player do not have to use their brain during they play, their brain do not have to work too much and while they play, all the muscle and heart is active, so their physical strength is enhanced.
In conclusion, I believe both argument have their own benefits. On balance, however, I thinks it is better to rest the brain. This is because the mind is more relaxed and physical strength is improved
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