Look at the following smoker modes (Questions 1-5) and the list of statements below.

Match each mode with the correct statement, A-G.

Write the correct letter, A-G.

1 ABCDEFG Pre-contemplation Mode

2 ABCDEFG Contemplation Mode

3 ABCDEFG Action Mode

4 ABCDEFG Relapse Mode

5 ABCDEFG Renewed-Action Mode

• 1 Answer: E
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  Keywords in Questions	Similar words in Passage
  From Q1 to Q13, we can use a technique called skimming (quickly read the whole passage to understand its meaning, structure and the main content of each paragraph) to get the main idea of a paragraph. We start to read and answer the questions after skimming. When skimming, you should pay attention to these details: topic sentences concluding sentences how the ideas are organized In case the question has some personal, place names or the name of a brand, a conference etc (which are capitalized), we had better use another technique called scanning to search for the information.
  Q1: Pre-contemplation Mode (Answer: E. You are aware of the negative perception of smoking that exists among the wider public, but it does not affect you in the slightest, and you are content to be labelled a smoker.)	The first, pre-contemplation, is typically the most difficult point from which to start quitting. This person has never really thought about quitting before, nor sensed any necessity or urgency to quit. He or she is likely going to be poorly motivated and willpower is a major hurdle that may prove too much to overcome with such low motivation levels. These smokers tend only to say that they will try to quit when pressured to do so by a loved one, but really they have no desire whatsoever to give up. Such individuals are unlikely to be affected by public health warnings and rarely listen to the negative publicity smoking receives in the media or place any importance on the wider society’s view of them and their habit. They are relatively content and the prospect of success in their quitting, in the long term, is low, unless they have some direct personal experience of the ill effects of smoking, like, for example, a close-family bereavement or a smoking-related health scare they (or someone close to them) have had, as only this sort of fright will give them the motivation to genuinely want to change their attitude and quit.
  Note: The keyword here is “Pre-contemplation Mode”. After skimming, we can find that information of Q1 should be found in paragraph 2 and 3, as the two paragraphs contain that keyword and describe its symptoms and behaviors. After skimming the statements and scanning the 2 paragraphs, we can see the similarity between statement E and the information in the passage: Aware of the negative perception of smoking that exists among the wider public: Paragraph 2 states that smokers do aware of the public health warnings negative publicity smoking. It does not affect you in the slightest: We can see that in the paragraph, smokers are not affected by the warnings among the public and have not thought about giving up smoking before. You are content to be labelled a smoker: In the paragraph, it states that smokers are relatively content with their current condition. Considering every detail, we can conclude that the answer is E. (New words: Hurdle: A problem Bereavement: the death of a close relation or friend)

• 2 Answer: D
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  Keywords in Questions	Similar words in Passage
  Q2: Contemplation Mode (Answer: D. You are not particularly content to be labelled a smoker, but you doubt whether you would be capable of removing cigarettes from your life, despite giving those around you assurances that the end of your days as a smoker is in sight.)	Someone who genuinely wants to quit is in what we term “contemplation" mode. These people, the contemplators, are of a mind to quit but still lack the motivation to try. They are constantly saying that they will quit, and often set vague far-off dates for when the act of quitting is likely to occur. A husband might say to his wife, for example: 'when we have our first child, I will stop smoking'. Part of him means it, and, to even acknowledge the need to stop and the implication that smoking would have adverse effects on his children’s health is a step in the right direction. However, in reality, while the smoker knows he should quit, his motivation to do so is still not high and he seriously doubts his own willpower which is why he draws attention to a time when, as he perceives it, his willpower will have increased - such as after the birth of his firstborn.
  Note: The keyword here is “Contemplation Mode”. After skimming, we can find see the keyword in paragraph 4. The paragraph describes the conditions of Contemplation Mode. While running through the statements, we find out that statement D contains the same information in the paragraph include: You doubt whether you would be capable of removing cigarettes from your life: The paragraph mentions that people who want to quit smoking still doubt their willpower and lack motivation to do so. Giving those around you assurances that the end of your days as a smoker is in sight: The paragraph proves the statement by giving an example of a family. A husband assures his wife that he will quit smoking when they have their first kid. All things considered, we can conclude that the answer is D.

• 3 Answer: B
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  Q3: Action Mode (Answer: B. You are contemplating whether or not you should switch to a weaker-strength cigarette and are actively trying to reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke in a day for the first time.)	People have different approaches to action mode; some change brands initially, some cut down on the amount they smoke, others wear patches or take other nicotine substitutes, and a few try to go cold turkey, a practice that does not actually have a very high success rate. The key thing that everyone in the action mode has in common is the will to try. Likely though it may be that this will be broken at some point or another, the smoker that is resolute in his determination to keep trying to quit will, statistically, succeed. For example, more than 70 percent of ex-smokers (that is, former smokers who have been off cigarettes for in excess of one year) tried and failed to give up once before they were successful. Almost one fifth of all ex-smokers fall into the tried-and-failed-between-two-and-four-times category. There is one clear message then to be got from this: keep trying!
  Note The keyword here is “Action Mode”. After skimming, we can see the keyword in paragraph 6. We can see the similarity between statement B and paragraph 6, include: Switch to a weaker-strength cigarette: The passage states that in order to quit smoking, people wear patches or take other nicotine substitutes, which are weaker-strength cigarette. They help reduce the craving for cigarettes when smokers try to give up smoking. Trying to reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke in a day for the first time: In the passage, they give an example of people who try to quit smoking and give up once before they were successful, which means that they start to reduce the amount of cigarette for their first time. All thing considered, we can conclude that the answer for Q3 is B. (New word: Cold turkey: when you quit using drugs or smoking abruptly)

• 4 Answer: C
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  Q4: Relapse Mode (Answer: C. You have, after much deliberation over a period of time, finally succumbed to the part of you that wanted to have a cigarette.)	When you get to the maintenance phase, the phase in which you have stopped smoking completely, but are still within that first year of having quit, there is a tendency to assume that you are out of the woods. Sadly, this is where many people are let down by their over-confidence. Phrases such as ‘I’ll just have one - sure I don’t need them anymore’ are not uncommon at this point, and all the hard work it took to quit is undone in a moment or two of madness where one cigarette quickly becomes two, two become three and before you know it, you are a fully-fledged addict again. It is important, therefore, to be conscious of the possibility of reverting to type during the first year, and to be on your guard. That said, failure is not the end, so despair not; you have simply entered another phase - relapse. Relapse is a return to daily smoking after a period of non-smoking. Almost three quarters of smokers will find themselves here the first time they try to quit.
  Note The keyword here is “Relapse Mode”. After skimming, we can spot the keyword in both paragraph 7 and 8. Paragraph 7 mainly discusses about reasons that lead to Relapse Mode, while paragraph 8 explains further details of Relapse Mode. After scanning the statements and the paragraph, we can see that statement C has the same idea about Relapse Mode: After much deliberation over a period of time, finally succumbed to the part of you that wanted to have a cigarette: Paragraph 8 explains the definition of Relapse Mode, which says that it is a return to daily smoking after a period of non-smoking. Deliberation means to consider things carefully before doing something. So basically, in this state, smokers consider very carefully about taking another cigarette. However, in the end, they surrender and say to themselves ‘I’ll just have one - sure I don’t need them anymore’. All thing considered, we can conclude that the answer for Q4 is C.

• 5 Answer: A
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  Keywords in Questions	Similar words in Passage
  Q5: Renewed-Action Mode (Answer: A. You are statistically most likely to be successful in your efforts to quit smoking in the position you find yourself in now due to previous experiences.)	Pluck up the courage to try again and you will find yourself in a very familiar place to smokers: renewed-action mode. In this mode, you are as determined as ever to quit, but you have an edge - you can learn from your past mistakes and keep your expectations realistic.
  Note: The keyword for this question is “Renewed-Action Mode”. It is easy to find the similarity between the paragraph and statement A, as it ascertains the possibility of success in quitting smoking. It also states that by learning from their mistakes in the past, people can strongly determine to quit. For that reason, the answer is A.