Đáp án
Part 1: Question 1 - 13
- 1 FALSE
- 2 FALSE
- 3 TRUE
- 4 TRUE
- 5 NOT GIVEN
- 6 TRUE
- 7 NOT GIVEN
- 8 FALSE
- 9 develop new ideas
- 10 problem-solving
- 11 C
- 12 B
- 13 D
Part 2: Question 14 - 25
- 14 C
- 15 F
- 16 G
- 17 A
- 18 D
- 19 B
- 20 FALSE
- 21 TRUE
- 22 TRUE
- 23 FALSE
- 24 FALSE
- 25 NOT GIVEN
Part 3: Question 26 - 40
- 26 D
- 27 B
- 28 B
- 29 A
- 30 B
- 31 B
- 32 A
- 33 C
- 34 C
- 35 B
- 36 B
- 37 NOT GIVEN
- 38 FALSE
- 39 FALSE
- 40 TRUE
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Tips for improving your ielts score
Giải thích chi tiết
Questions 1-8
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?
For questions 1-8, write
| TRUE | if the statement agrees with the information |
| FALSE | if the statement contradicts the information |
| NOT GIVEN | If there is no information on this |
1 People usually daydream when they are walking around.
2 Some people can daydream when they are asleep.
3 Some daydreams help us to be more successful in our lives.
4 Most lorry drivers daydream in their jobs to make them more interesting.
5 Factory workers daydream more than lorry drivers.
6 Daydreaming helps people to be creative.
7 Old people daydream more than young people.
8 Escapist people are generally very happy.
- 1 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q1: People usually daydream when they are walking around.
Everyone daydreams sometimes. We sit or lie down, close our eyes and use our imagination to think about something that might happen in the future or could have happened in the past
Note:
The keywords for Q1 are “daydream”, “walking around”.
After reading paragraph 1, we can see that “we sit or lie down, close our eyes…”. It means that people don’t daydream when they are walking around.
“Sit or lie down” is contradicted with “walking around” in this case.
Thus, the correct answer for Q1 should be “False”
- 2 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q2: Some people can daydream when they are asleep.
Daydreams are not dreams, because we can only daydream if we are awake
Note:
The keywords for Q2 are “daydream”, “asleep”.
After reading paragraph 2, we can easily see “We can only daydream if we are awake”, it has contradicted meaning with the information in Q2.
Thus, the correct answer for Q2 should be “False”
- 3 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
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Q3: Some daydreams help us to be more successful in our lives.
With these, our daydreams often help us to work out what we want to do, or how to do it to get the best results. So, these daydreams are helpful. We use our imagination to help us understand the world and other people.
Note:
The keywords for Q3 are “daydreams”, “more successful in lives”.
After reading paragraph 2, we can see “daydreams help us to work out what we want to do, how to get the best results”, “daydreams are helpful and help us understand the world and other people”
It means that some daydreams are helpful, and they can help us to be more successful in lives (understanding other people, get the best results)
Thus, the correct answer for Q3 should be “True”
- 4 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q4: Most lorry drivers daydream in their jobs to make them more interesting
…such as lorry drivers and security guards, spend a lot of time daydreaming in order to make their time at work more interesting.
Note:
The keywords for Q4 are “lorry drivers”, “make them more interesting”.
After reading paragraph 4, we can easily see all keywords in Q4 are mentioned “lorry drivers …spend a lot of time daydreaming in order to make their time at work more interesting”
Thus, the correct answer for Q4 should be “True”
- 5 Answer: NOT GIVEN
Keywords in Questions
Q5: Factory workers daydream more than lorry drivers.
Note:
The keywords for Q5 are “factory workers”, “daydream”, “more”, “lorry drivers”.
After reading passage 1, we cannot find any information to show the comparison of time for daydream between factory workers and lorry drivers.
Thus, the correct answer for Q5 should be “Not given”
- 6 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q6: Daydreaming helps people to be creative.
Daydreams can help people to be creative.
Note:
The keywords for Q6 are “daydreaming”, “creative”
After reading paragraph 3, we can easily see that the information in Q6 is the same as that it in paragraph 3.
Thus, the correct answer for Q6 should be “True”
- 7 Answer: NOT GIVEN
Keywords in Questions
Q7: Old people daydream more than young people.
Note:
The keywords for Q7 are “old people”, “daydream”, “more than”, “young people”
After reading passage 1, we cannot find any information to show the comparison of time for daydream between young and old people.
Thus, the correct answer for Q7 should be “Not given”
- 8 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
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Q8. Escapist people are generally very happy.
Escapist people spend a lot of time living in a dream world in which they are successful and popular, instead of trying to deal with the problems they face in the real world. Such people often seem to be unhappy and are unable or unwilling to improve their daily lives.
Note:
The keywords for Q8 are “Escapist”, “generally very happy”
After reading paragraph 6, we can see “such people often seem to be unhappy and are unable or unwilling to improve their daily lives”.
“happy” and “unhappy” are antonyms.
Thus, the correct answer for Q8 should be “False”
Questions 9-10
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer.
Writers, artists and other creative people use daydreaming to 9
The areas of the brain used in daydreaming are also used for complicated 10
- 9 Answer: develop new ideas
Keywords in Questions
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Q9. Writers, artists and other creative people use daydreaming to ….
People in creative or artistic careers, such as composers, novelists and filmmakers, develop new ideas through daydreaming.
Note:
The keywords for Q9 are “writers”, “artists”, “creative people”, “daydream”
We can assume the answer for Q9 may be a verb.
We easily can see “writers, artists or creative people” are only mentioned in paragraph 3.
“writers, artists” and “composer, novelists, filmmakers” refer to creative or artistic careers. Following paragraph 3, we can see these people develop new ideas through daydreaming, it means that “they use daydreaming to develop new ideas”
Thus, the correct answer for Q9 should be “develop new ideas”
- 10 Answer: problem-solving
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q10. . The areas of the brain used in daydreaming are also used for complicated …
Experiments with MRI brain scans show that the parts of the brain linked with complex problem-solving are more active during daydreaming
Note:
The keywords for Q10 are “areas of brain”, “complicated”
We can assume the answer for Q10 may be a noun.
We can see “brain” is mentioned in paragraph 4.
“areas of the brain” and “”parts of the brain” are interchangeable in this case.
“complex” and “complicated” have same meaning in this context.
“parts of brain linked with complex problem-solving during daydreaming”, it means that “parts of brain are used for complicated problem-solving during daydreaming”
Thus, the correct answer for Q10 should be “problem-solving”
Questions 11-13
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Daydreams are
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q11 Daydreams are
| Everyone daydreams sometimes. We sit or lie down, close our eyes and use our imagination to think about something that might happen in the future or could have happened in the past. Most daydreaming is pleasant. We would like the daydream to happen and we would be very happy if it did actually happen. Daydreams are not dreams, because we can only daydream if we are awake |
Note: The keyword for Q11 is “daydream” After reading passage 1, we can rule out option A, B and D as correct answers for Q11 because:
In addition, after reading paragraph 1, we can see that “daydreams are something might happen in the future or could have happened in the past… We would like the daydream to happen”, it means that option C is correct. Thus, the correct answer for Q11 should be “C” | |
In the nineteenth century, many people believed that daydreaming was
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q12. In the nineteenth century, many people believed that daydreaming was
| Research in the 1980s showed that most daydreams are about ordinary, everyday events. It also showed that over 75% of workers in so-called 'boring jobs', such as lorry drivers and security guards, spend a lot of time daydreaming in order to make their time at work more interesting One reason for this is that when you are daydreaming, you are not working. In the 19th century, for example, people who daydreamed a lot were judged to be lazy. Other people have said that daydreaming leads to 'escapism' and that this is not healthy, either |
Note: The keywords for Q12 are “19th century”, “daydreaming” After reading paragraph 5 of passage 1, we can easily choose option B to be the correct answer because: “when you are daydreaming, you are not working. In the 19th century, for example, people who daydreamed a lot were judged to be lazy.”, it means that in 19th century, many people believed daydreaming is a way to be lazy, avoid working. we can rule out option A, C and D as correct answers for Q12 because:
Thus, the correct answer for Q12 should be “B” | |
People who daydream a lot
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q13 People who daydream a lot
| Indeed, recent studies show that people who often daydream have fewer close friends than other people. In fact, they often do not have any close friends at all. |
Note: The keywords for Q13 are “people daydream a lot” After reading paragraph 6 of passage 1, we can easily choose option D to be the correct answer because: “recent studies show that people who often daydream have fewer close friends than other people.”, it means that people who often daydream (daydream a lot) have fewer friends than others (don’t have as many friends as other people) All the information in option D is mentioned in the same way in passage 1. Thus, the correct answer for Q13 should be “D” | |
Questions 14-19
The text has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-G, next to questions 14-19.
14 a 19th-century opinion of what children should learn
15 the most difficult sums
16 the effect of pressure on doing something
17 how children learn the times table
18 a politician who got a sum wrong
19 a history of the times table
- 14 Answer: C
Keywords in Questions
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Q14
a 19th-century opinion of what children should learn
C. In 1820, in his book The Philosophy of Arithmetic, the mathematician John Leslie recommended that young pupils memories the times table up to 25 x 25. Nowadays, however, educators generally believe it is important for children to memorise the table up to 9 x 9, 10 x 10 or 12 x12.
Note:
The keywords for Q14 are “19th- century opinion”, “children should ”
After reading paragraph C, we can see only in paragraph C mentioned the year 1820 (19th century). In addition, “the mathematician John Leslie recommended that young pupils memorises the times table up to 25 x 25”, it means that there is an opinion of what pupils should learn.
Thus, the correct answer for Q14 should be “C”
- 15 Answer: F
Keywords in Questions
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Q15
the most difficult sums
F. ... Studies often find that the hardest sum is 6x8, with 7x8 not far behind. However, even though 7x8 is a relatively difficult sum…
Note:
The keywords for Q15 are “most difficult sums”
After reading paragraph F, we can easily see they mentioned “6*8 is the hardest sum, with 7*8 not far behind”. It means that “6*8 and “7*8 are the hardest sums”
“Hardest” and “most difficult” have the same meaning in this case.
Thus, the correct answer for Q15 should be “F”
- 16 Answer: G
Keywords in Questions
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Q16
the effect of pressure on doing something
G. The answer is that Osborne was being 'put on the spot' and he didn't like it. It is well known that when there is a lot of pressure to do something right, people often have difficulty doing something that they normally find easy.
Note:
The keywords for Q16 are “effect of pressure”, “doing something”
After reading paragraph G, we can see keywords “pressure on doing something” are mentioned, and we also the effect is “people often have difficulty doing something that they normal find easy”.
Thus, the correct answer for Q16 should be “G”
- 17 Answer: A
Keywords in Questions
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Q17
how children learn the times table
A. In their first years of studying mathematics at school, children all over the world usually have to learn the times table, also known as the multiplication table, which shows what you get when you multiply numbers together. Children have traditionally learned their times table by going from '1 times 1 is 1' all the way up to '12 times 12 is 144'.
Note:
The keywords for Q17 are “how children learn times table”
After reading paragraph A, we can read “children have traditionally learned their times table by going from '1 times 1 is 1' all the way up to '12 times 12 is 144'”, it shows the way children learn the times table.
Thus, the correct answer for Q17 should be “A”
- 18 Answer: D
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Q18
a politician who got a sum wrong
D. …For example, in 1998, the schools minister Stephen Byers was asked the answer to 7 x 8. He got the answer wrong, saying 54 rather than 56, and everyone laughed at him.
Note:
The keywords for Q18 are “politician”, “got a sum wrong”
After reading paragraph D, we can easily see they mentioned the schools minister Stephen Bayers got the wrong answer for 7*8.
“Schools minister” and “politician” refer to the same person in this case (Stephen Bayers)
“got a sum wrong” and “got the wrong answer” refer to the same meaning in this case.
Thus, the correct answer for Q18 should be “D”
- 19 Answer: B
Keywords in Questions
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Q19
a history of the times table
B. Times tables have been around for a very long time now. The oldest known tables using base 10 numbers, the base that is now used everywhere in the world, are written on bamboo strips dating from 305 BC, found in China.
Note:
The keywords for Q19 are “history of times table”
After reading paragraph B, we can see they mentioned “the oldest times table”, “are written on bamboo trips…found in China”, a long period history of times table.
Thus, the correct answer for Q19 should be “B”
Questions 20-25
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?
For questions 20-25, write
| TRUE | if the statement agrees with the information |
| FALSE | if the statement contradicts the information |
| NOT GIVEN | If there is no information on this |
20 Pythagoras invented the times table in China.
21 Stephen Byers and George Osborne were asked the same question.
22 All children in the UK have to learn the multiplication table.
23 George Osborne did not know the answer to 7 X 8.
24 7 X 8 is the hardest sum that children have to learn.
25 Stephen Byers got the sum wrong because he choked.
- 20 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
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Q20
Pythagoras invented the times table in China.
The oldest known tables using base 10 numbers, the base that is now used everywhere in the world, are written on bamboo strips dating from 305 BC, found in China
However, in many European cultures the times table is named after the Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher Pythagoras (570-495 BC). And so it is called the Table of Pythagoras in many languages, including French and Italian.
Note:
The keywords for Q20 are “Pythagoras”, “invented”, “times table in China”
After reading paragraph B, we can read “European cultures the times table is named after the Ancient Greek mathematician Pythagoras”, you don’t be misled by the information that the oldest known tables found in China.
Pythagoras didn’t invented the times table in China
Thus, the correct answer for Q20 should be “False”
- 21 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
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Q21
Stephen Byers and George Osborne were asked the same question.
For example, in 1998, the schools minister Stephen Byers was asked the answer to 7 x 8. He got the answer wrong, saying 54 rather than 56, and everyone laughed at him.
In 2014, a young boy asked the UK Chancellor George Osborne the exact same question
Note:
The keywords for Q21 are “Stephen Byers”, “Geogre Osborne”, “asked the same question”
After reading paragraph D, we can read “the schools minister Stephen Byers was asked the answer to 7*8”
After that, following paragraph E, we can see “a boy asked the UK Chancellor George Osborne the exact same question”, it means that George Osborne was asked the answer to 7*8, too.
Thus, the correct answer for Q21 should be “True”
- 22 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
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Q22
All children in the UK have to learn the multiplication table.
The current aim in the UK is for school pupils to know all their times tables up to 12 x 12 by the age of nine.
Note:
The keywords for Q22 are “all children in the UK”, “multiplication table”
After reading paragraph D, we can easily read “school pupils know all their times table up to 12 x 12 by the age of nine”
“Multiplication table” and “times tables” refer to the same meaning in this case.
It means that all UK children have to learn times tables (multiplication table) by the age of nine.
Thus, the correct answer for Q22 should be “True”
- 23 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
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Q23
George Osborne did not know the answer to 7 X 8.
As he had passed A-level maths and was in charge of the UK's economic policies at the time, you would expect him to know the answer. However, he simply said, 'I've made it a rule in life not to answer such questions.'
Note:
The keywords for Q23 are “George Osborne”, “did not know the answer to 7 x 8”
After reading paragraph E, we can easily read that “he (George Osborne) passed A-level maths and was in charge of the UK’s economic policies”, there no reason he did not know the answer to 7*8, he just only did not answer this question.
Thus, the correct answer for Q23 should be “False”
- 24 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
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Q24
7 X 8 is the hardest sum that children have to learn.
Studies often find that the hardest sum is 6x8, with 7x8 not far behind
Note:
The keywords for Q24 are “7 x 8”, “hardest sum”, “children”, “learn”
After reading paragraph F, we can easily read “the hardest sum is 6*8”, it means that “7*8 is not the hardest sum”
Thus, the correct answer for Q24 should be “False”
- 25 Answer: NOT GIVEN
Keywords in Questions
Q25
Stephen Byers got the sum wrong because he choked.
Note:
The keywords for Q25 are “Stephen Byers”, “wrong answer”, “choked”
After reading passage 2, we can read Stephen Byers got the sum wrong of 7*8, but there is not any information showing that he got the sum wrong because of being choked or other reasons.
Thus, the correct answer for Q25 should be “Not given”
Questions 26-31
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Which of the following statements is accurate?
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q26 Which of the following statements is accurate? A. In the 20th century, illegal surgical procedures were carried out on the mentally ill. B. The Victorian era saw an increase in mental illness amongst married couples. C. Mental institutions of the past were better-equipped for dealing with the mentally ill. D. In the past, others often benefitted when a patient was sent to a mental asylum.
| individuals were frequently sent to the 'madhouse' as a legal means of permanently disposing of an unwanted heir or spouse. |
Note: The keywords for Q26 are “statement”, “accurate” After reading passage 3, we can rule out option A, B and C as correct answers because:
Individuals were frequently sent to the 'madhouse' as a legal means of permanently disposing of an unwanted heir or spouse”, it means that some people can get benefit when a patient was sent to madhouse. So, option C is correct. “Mental asylum” and “madhouse” refer to the same meaning in this case. Thus, the correct answer for Q26 should be “D” | |
What does the writer mean by patient treatment being 'legitimised abuse'?
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q27 What does the writer mean by patient treatment being 'legitimised abuse'? A. There were proper guidelines for the punishment of mentally ill patients. B. Maltreatment of mentally ill patients was not illegal and so was tolerated. C. Only those who were legally entitled to do so could punish mentally ill patients. D. Physical abuse of mentally ill patients was a legal requirement of mental institutions. | Patient 'treatment' amounted to little more than legitimised abuse |
Note: The keywords for Q27 are “writer”, “legitimized abuse” After reading passage 3, we can rule out option A, C and D as correct answers because:
“Patient 'treatment' amounted to little more than legitimised abuse”, it means that there is not information confirming that “maltreatment was illegal. So, option B is correct. Thus, the correct answer for Q27 should be “B” | |
What brought about changes in the treatment of mentally ill patients?
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | |
Q28 What brought about changes in the treatment of mentally ill patients? A. A radio documentary exposed patient maltreatment. B. People rebelled against the consistent abuse of mentally ill patients. C. Previous treatments of mentally ill patients were proved to be ineffective. D. The maltreatment of mentally ill patients could never be revealed. | |
Note: The keywords for Q28 are “what”, “changes”, “treatment”, “patients” After reading passage 3, we can rule out option A, C and D as correct answers because:
In addition, we can see “Little wonder then that the appalling catalogue of treatment of the mentally ill led to a call for change from social activists and psychologists alike”, it means that there was change from people (social activists and psychologists). Therefore, option B is correct. Thus, the correct answer for Q28 should be “B” |
What was a feature of early care in the community schemes?
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q29 What was a feature of early care in the community schemes?
| The patient was never left purely to their own devices as a variety of services could theoretically be accessed by the individual. In its early stages, however, community care consisted primarily of help from the patient's extended family network. In more recent years, such care has extended to the provision of specialist community mental health teams (CMHTs) in the UK. |
Note: The keywords for Q29 are “what”, “feature”, “early care”, “community schemes” After reading passage 3, we can choose option A to be the correct answer because “In its early stages, however, community care consisted primarily of help from the patient's extended family network”, it means that in early stages, patients really need support from their extended family network (or their relatives). Thus, the correct answer for Q29 should be “A” | |
What is true of care in the community schemes today?
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q30 What is true of care in the community schemes today?
| But I also think that there is a far better infrastructure of helpers and social workers in place now than previously and the scheme stands a greater chance of success than in the past.' |
Note: The keywords for Q30 are “what”, “true of care”, “community schemes”, “today” After reading passage 3, we can rule out option A, C and D as correct answers because:
“Better infrastructure than previous…, scheme stands a greater chance of success than in the past”, it means that there are more professional services to patients today. Thus, the correct answer for Q30 should be “B” | |
What can be said of the writer's attitude towards care in the community?
- A
- B
- C
- D
Keywords in Questions | Similar words in Passage |
Q31 What can be said of the writer's attitude towards care in the community?
D. He believes it has failed due to patient neglect by professional helpers | 'Those suffering moderate cases of mental illness stand to gain more from care in the community than those with more pronounced mental illness. I don't think it's a one-size-fits-all policy |
Note: The keywords for Q31 are “what”, “writer’s attitude”, “care in the community” After reading passage 3, we can rule out option A, C and D as correct answers because:
In addition, the writer thinks “it’s not a one-size-fits-all policy”, it means that it cannot work in different circumstances. So, option B is correct. Thus, the correct answer for Q31 should be “B” | |
Questions 32-36
Look at the following statements, 32-36, and the list of people, A-C.
Match each statement to the correct person.
| A | Dr. Mayalla |
| B | Anita Brown |
| C | Bob Ratchett |
32 This person acknowledges certain inadequacies in the concept of care in the community, but recognises that attempts have been made to improve on existing schemes.
33 This person whilst emphasising the benefits to the patient from care in the community schemes is critical of traditional care methods.
34 This person’s views have been moderated by their professional contact with the mentally ill.
35 This person places the welfare of others above that of the mentally ill.
36 This person acknowledges that a mistrust of care in the community schemes may be unfounded.
- 32 Answer: A
Keywords in Questions
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Q32. This person acknowledges certain inadequacies in the concept of care in the community, but recognises that attempts have been made to improve on existing schemes.
Dr. Mayalla, practising clinical psychologist, is inclined to believe that whilst certain patients may benefit from care in the community, the scheme isn't for everyone
… the scheme stands a greater chance of success than in the past
Note:
After reading paragraph 5, we can see Dr. Mayalla believe that certain patients may benefit from care in the community, the scheme isn’t for everyone.” It means that she understand inadequacies in the concept (not for everyone), but she believe a greater chance of success than in the past (improve on existing schemes)
“Thus, the correct answer for Q32 should be “A”
- 33 Answer: C
Keywords in Questions
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Q33
This person whilst emphasising the benefits to the patient from care in the community schemes is critical of traditional care methods.
'Having worked in the field myself, I've seen how a patient can benefit from living an independent life, away from an institution
Note:
After reading paragraph 7, we can easily see that only Bob mentioned “the benefit from living independent life, away from an institution depend on his experience”
“Thus, the correct answer for Q33 should be “C”
- 34 Answer: C
Keywords in Questions
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Q34
This person’s views have been moderated by their professional contact with the mentally ill.
Bob Ratchett, a former mental health nurse, takes a more positive view on community care projects. 'Having worked in the field myself, I've seen how a patient can benefit from living an independent life
Note:
After reading paragraph 7, we can easily read that “Bob Ratchett had experience to be a health nurse,,,, having worked in the field, it means that Bob has been moderated by his professional with mentally ill.
Thus, the correct answer for Q34 should be “C”
- 35 Answer: B
Keywords in Questions
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Q35
This person places the welfare of others above that of the mentally ill.
I like to feel secure where I live, but more to the point, that my children are not under any threat
Note:
After reading paragraph 6, we can easily see Anita Brown did not like to put the secure of her and her children under any threat, that means she places welfare of others (people where she lives in) above any threat (from mental ill)
Thus, the correct answer for Q35 should be “B”
- 36 Answer: B
Keywords in Questions
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Q36
This person acknowledges that a mistrust of care in the community schemes may be unfounded.
As a result, I would not put my support behind any scheme that I felt might put my children in danger... I guess there must be assessment methods in place to ensure that dangerous individuals are not let loose amongst the public but I'm not for it at all
Note:
After reading paragraph 6, we can easily read “I would not put my support behind any scheme that I felt might put my children in danger”, it means that she may feel dangerous, there was a mistrust of care in the scheme.
Thus, the correct answer for Q36 should be “B”
Questions 37-40
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?
For questions 37-40, write
| TRUE | if the statement agrees with the information |
| FALSE | if the statement contradicts the information |
| NOT GIVEN | If there is no information on this |
37 There is a better understanding of the dynamics of mental illness today.
38 Community care schemes do not provide adequate psychological support for patients.
39 Dr. Mayalla believes that the scheme is less successful than in the past.
40 The goal of community care schemes is to make patients less dependent on the system.
- 37 Answer: NOT GIVEN
Keywords in Questions
Q37
There is a better understanding of the dynamics of mental illness today
Note:
We cannot find any information proving that there is a better understanding of the dynamics of mental illness today or not.
Thus, the correct answer for Q37 should be “Not given”
- 38 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
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Q38
Community care schemes do not provide adequate psychological support for patients.
Such teams cover a wide range of services from rehabilitation to home treatment and assessment. In addition, psychiatric nurses are on hand to administer prescription medication and give injections
Note:
After reading paragraph 3, we can read “…cover a wide range of services from rehabilitation to home treatment and assessment”, it is contradicted with information in Q38.
Thus, the correct answer for Q38 should be “False”
- 39 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q39
Dr. Mayalla believes that the scheme is less successful than in the past..
“But I also think that there is a far better infrastructure of helpers and social workers in place now than previously and the scheme stands a greater chance of success than in the past.”
Note:
After reading paragraph 5, we can see the scheme stands a greater chance of success than in the past”
“less successful” is contradicted with “greater chance of success”
Thus, the correct answer for Q39 should be “False”
- 40 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Q40
The goal of community care schemes is to make patients less dependent on the system.
Obviously, only individuals well on their way to recovery would be suitable for consideration as participants in such a scheme. If you think about it, is it really fair to condemn an individual to a lifetime in an institution when they could be living a fairly fulfilled and independent life outside the institution?
Note:
After reading paragraph 7, we can easily read “individuals would be suitable for consideration as participants in such a scheme (independent life outside the institution),
Thus, the correct answer for Q40 should be “True”
READING PASSAGE 1
Read the text below and answer Questions 1-13.
Daydreaming
Everyone daydreams sometimes. We sit or lie down, close our eyes and use our imagination to think about something that might happen in the future or could have happened in the past. Most daydreaming is pleasant. We would like the daydream to happen and we would be very happy if it did actually happen. We might daydream that we are in another person's place, or doing something that we have always wanted to do, or that other people like or admire us much more than they normally do.
Daydreams are not dreams, because we can only daydream if we are awake. Also, we choose what our daydreams will be about, which we cannot usually do with dreams. With many daydreams, we know that what we imagine is unlikely to happen. At least, if it does happen, it probably will not do so in the way we want it to. However, some daydreams are about things that are likely to happen. With these, our daydreams often help us to work out what we want to do, or how to do it to get the best results. So, these daydreams are helpful. We use our imagination to help us understand the world and other people.
Daydreams can help people to be creative. People in creative or artistic careers, such as composers, novelists and filmmakers, develop new ideas through daydreaming. This is also true of research scientists and mathematicians. In fact, Albert Einstein said that imagination is more important than knowledge because knowledge is limited whereas imagination is not.
Research in the 1980s showed that most daydreams are about ordinary, everyday events. It also showed that over 75% of workers in so-called 'boring jobs', such as lorry drivers and security guards, spend a lot of time daydreaming in order to make their time at work more interesting. Recent research has also shown that daydreaming has a positive effect on the brain. Experiments with MRI brain scans show that the parts of the brain linked with complex problem-solving are more active during daydreaming. Researchers conclude that daydreaming is an activity in which the brain consolidates learning. In this respect, daydreaming is the same as dreaming during sleep.
Although there do seem to be many advantages with daydreaming, in many cultures it is considered a bad thing to do. One reason for this is that when you are daydreaming, you are not working. In the 19th century, for example, people who daydreamed a lot were judged to be lazy. This happened in particular when people started working in factories on assembly lines. When you work on an assembly line, all you do is one small task again and again, every time exactly the same. It is rather repetitive and, obviously, you cannot be creative. So many people decided that there was no benefit in daydreaming.
Other people have said that daydreaming leads to 'escapism' and that this is not healthy, either. Escapist people spend a lot of time living in a dream world in which they are successful and popular, instead of trying to deal with the problems they face in the real world. Such people often seem to be unhappy and are unable or unwilling to improve their daily lives. Indeed, recent studies show that people who often daydream have fewer close friends than other people. In fact, they often do not have any close friends at all.
READING PASSAGE 2
Read the text below and answer Questions 14-25.
TRICKY SUMS AND PSYCHOLOGY
A. In their first years of studying mathematics at school, children all over the world usually have to learn the times table, also known as the multiplication table, which shows what you get when you multiply numbers together. Children have traditionally learned their times table by going from '1 times 1 is 1' all the way up to '12 times 12 is 144'.
B. Times tables have been around for a very long time now. The oldest known tables using base 10 numbers, the base that is now used everywhere in the world, are written on bamboo strips dating from 305 BC, found in China. However, in many European cultures the times table is named after the Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher Pythagoras (570-495 BC). And so it is called the Table of Pythagoras in many languages, including French and Italian.
C. In 1820, in his book The Philosophy of Arithmetic, the mathematician John Leslie recommended that young pupils memories the times table up to 25 x 25. Nowadays, however, educators generally believe it is important for children to memorise the table up to 9 x 9, 10 x 10 or 12 x12.
D. The current aim in the UK is for school pupils to know all their times tables up to 12 x 12 by the age of nine. However, many people do not know them, even as adults. Recently, some politicians have been asked arithmetical questions of this kind. For example, in 1998, the schools minister Stephen Byers was asked the answer to 7 x 8. He got the answer wrong, saying 54 rather than 56, and everyone laughed at him.
E. In 2014, a young boy asked the UK Chancellor George Osborne the exact same question. As he had passed A-level maths and was in charge of the UK's economic policies at the time, you would expect him to know the answer. However, he simply said, 'I've made it a rule in life not to answer such questions.'
F. Why would a politician refuse to answer such a question? It is certainly true that some sums are much harder than others. Research has shown that learning and remembering sums involving 6,7,8 and 9 tends to be harder than remembering sums involving other numbers. And it is even harder when 6,7,8 and 9 are multiplied by each other. Studies often find that the hardest sum is 6x8, with 7x8 not far behind. However, even though 7x8 is a relatively difficult sum, it is unlikely that George Osborne did not know the answer. So there must be some other reason why he refused to answer the question.
G. The answer is that Osborne was being 'put on the spot' and he didn't like it. It is well known that when there is a lot of pressure to do something right, people often have difficulty doing something that they normally find easy. When you put someone on the spot and ask such a question, it causes stress. The person's heart beats faster and their adrenalin levels go up. As a result, people will often make mistakes that they would not normally make. This is called 'choking'. Choking often happens in sport, such as when a footballer takes a crucial penalty. In the same way, the boy's question put Osborne under great pressure. He knew it would be a disaster for him if he got the answer to such a simple question wrong and feared that he might choke. And that is why he refused to answer the question.
READING PASSAGE 3
Read the text below and answer Questions 26-40.
Care in the Community
'Bedlam' is a word that has become synonymous in the English language with chaos and disorder. The term itself derives from the shortened name for a former 16th century London institution for the mentally ill, known as St. Mary of Bethlehem. This institution was so notorious that its name was to become a byword for mayhem. Patient 'treatment' amounted to little more than legitimised abuse. Inmates were beaten and forced to live in unsanitary conditions, whilst others were placed on display to a curious public as a side-show. There is little indication to suggest that other institutions founded at around the same time in other European countries were much better.
Even up until the mid-twentieth century, institutions for the mentally ill were regarded as being more places of isolation and punishment than healing and solace. In popular literature of the Victorian era that reflected true-life events, individuals were frequently sent to the 'madhouse' as a legal means of permanently disposing of an unwanted heir or spouse. Later, in the mid-twentieth century, institutes for the mentally ill regularly carried out invasive brain surgery known as a 'lobotomy' on violent patients without their consent. The aim was to 'calm' the patient but ended up producing a patient that was little more than a zombie. Such a procedure is well documented to devastating effect in the film 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'. Little wonder then that the appalling catalogue of treatment of the mentally ill led to a call for change from social activists and psychologists alike.
Improvements began to be seen in institutions from the mid-50s onwards, along with the introduction of care in the community for less severely ill patients. Community care was seen as a more humane and purposeful approach to dealing with the mentally ill. Whereas institutionalised patients lived out their existence in confinement, forced to obey institutional regulations, patients in the community were free to live a relatively independent life. The patient was never left purely to their own devices as a variety of services could theoretically be accessed by the individual. In its early stages, however, community care consisted primarily of help from the patient's extended family network. In more recent years, such care has extended to the provision of specialist community mental health teams (CMHTs) in the UK. Such teams cover a wide range of services from rehabilitation to home treatment and assessment. In addition, psychiatric nurses are on hand to administer prescription medication and give injections. The patient is therefore provided with the necessary help that they need to survive in the everyday world whilst maintaining a degree of autonomy.
Often, though, when a policy is put into practice, its failings become apparent. This is true for the policy of care in the community. Whilst back-up services may exist, an individual may not call upon them when needed, due to reluctance or inability to assess their own condition. As a result, such an individual may be alone during a critical phase of their illness, which could lead them to self-harm or even become a threat to other members of their community. Whilst this might be an extreme-case scenario, there is also the issue of social alienation that needs to be considered. Integration into the community may not be sufficient to allow the individual to find work, leading to poverty and isolation. Social exclusion could then cause a relapse as the individual is left to battle mental health problems alone. The solution, therefore, is to ensure that the patient is always in touch with professional helpers and not left alone to fend for themselves. It should always be remembered that whilst you can take the patient out of the institution, you can't take the institution out of the patient.
When questioned about care in the community, there seems to be a division of opinion amongst members of the public and within the mental healthcare profession itself. Dr. Mayalla, practising clinical psychologist, is inclined to believe that whilst certain patients may benefit from care in the community, the scheme isn't for everyone. 'Those suffering moderate cases of mental illness stand to gain more from care in the community than those with more pronounced mental illness. I don't think it's a one-size-fits-all policy. But I also think that there is a far better infrastructure of helpers and social workers in place now than previously and the scheme stands a greater chance of success than in the past.'
Anita Brown, mother of three, takes a different view. 'As a mother, I'm very protective towards my children. As a result, I would not put my support behind any scheme that I felt might put my children in danger... I guess there must be assessment methods in place to ensure that dangerous individuals are not let loose amongst the public but I'm not for it at all. I like to feel secure where I live, but more to the point, that my children are not under any threat.'
Bob Ratchett, a former mental health nurse, takes a more positive view on community care projects. 'Having worked in the field myself, I've seen how a patient can benefit from living an independent life, away from an institution. Obviously, only individuals well on their way to recovery would be suitable for consideration as participants in such a scheme. If you think about it, is it really fair to condemn an individual to a lifetime in an institution when they could be living a fairly fulfilled and independent life outside the institution?'
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