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IELTS Mock Test 2020 February

IELTS Mock Test 2020 February

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  • Đăng ngày: 05 Mar 2020
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Đáp án

Báo cáo lỗi sai
Part 1: Question 1 - 13
  • 1 C
  • 2 F
  • 3 G
  • 4 B
  • 5 variation/difference
  • 6 futile
  • 7 fertile offspring
  • 8 species inflation
  • 9 FALSE
  • 10 TRUE
  • 11 FALSE
  • 12 NOT GIVEN
  • 13 NOT GIVEN
Part 2: Question 14 - 26
  • 14 F
  • 15 E
  • 16 B
  • 17 C
  • 18 22 A,C,D,G,H
  • 23 A,B
  • 24 A,C
  • 25 A,B
  • 26 A
Part 3: Question 27 - 40
  • 27 B
  • 28 C
  • 29 C
  • 30 A
  • 31 mall
  • 32 intentionally
  • 33 inspired
  • 34 ineffective
  • 35 encourages
  • 36 NOT GIVEN
  • 37 NOT GIVEN
  • 38 FALSE
  • 39 FALSE
  • 40 TRUE

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剑桥雅思12听力原文-TEST7

剑桥雅思12听力原文-TEST7

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Giải thích chi tiết

Part 1: Questions 1-13

Questions 1-4

The text has 7 paragraphs (A - G).

Which paragraph contains each of the following pieces of information?

1 How it is generally accepted that different species are named

2 The reason that conservationists are happy with the apparent discovery of a new species of leopard

3 How genes could cause a potential problem for conservationists

4 Some scientists want to change the way clouded leopards are classified into species and subspecies.

  • 1 Answer: C
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    Q1: How it is generally accepted that different species are named

    Creatures are given Latin first and second names (corresponding to a genus and species) according to the convention of Carl von Linné, who was born 300 years ago this May.

    Note:

    After skimming and considering all the given information in Q1, we can conclude that the answer is C. As a matter of fact, the names of different species shall conform to the rule stated in the convention of Carl von Linné. In particular, creatures are given Latin first and second names that correspond to a genus and species. 
  • 2 Answer: F
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    Q2: The reason that conservationists are happy with the apparent discovery of a new species of leopard

    One thing is abundantly clear: conservationists who are trying to stop the destruction of the leopards’ habitat in Borneo and Sumatra see the announcement of a new species of big cat as a means to gain publicity and political capital.

    Note:

    After skimming and considering all the given information in Q2, we can conclude that the answer is F. To sum it up, conservationists who are stopping the destruction of leopards’ habitat in different areas consider the discovery of a new species of leopard as a method to gain publicity and political capital. In other words, as the announcement of a new species of leopard is beneficial to their works, conservationists definitely have a reason to be happy with that.
  • 3 Answer: G
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    Q3: How genes could cause a potential problem for conservationists

    The problem of redefining species by genetics is the creation of taxonomic confusion, a potentially serious difficulty for conservationists and others. The recent proposal to add the polar bear to the list of animals protected under America’s Endangered Species Act is an example. That seems all well and good. However, study the genetics and it transpires that polar bears are closer to some brown bears, than some brown bears are to each other. Go by the genes and it seems that the polar bear would not count as a species in its own right (and thus might not enjoy the protection afforded to species) but should be labelled a subspecies of the brown bear.

    Note:

    After skimming and considering all the given information in Q3, we can conclude that the answer is G. In particular, the passage takes the polar bear as a prime example to demonstrate how genes could cause problems for conservationists.
  • 4 Answer: B
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    Q4: Some scientists want to change the way clouded leopards are classified into species and subspecies.

    In-stead, some scientists have proposed a change in the official taxonomic accounting system of clouded leopards. Where there were four subspecies there will likely now be two species.

    Note:

    After skimming and considering all the given information in Q4, we can conclude that the answer is B. Precisely, some scientists want to adjust the classification of clouded leopards into species and subspecies. In particular, four subspecies of clouded leopards are proposed to be merged into only two species.

Questions 5-8

Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each gap.

It is difficult to decide exactly when there is enough 5 to say an animal is a new species.

It is 6 to compare the number of species of ant and butterfly.

Generally, animals of the same species can make 7 together.

Some scientists claim that genetics has led to 8 rather than the actual discovery of new species.

  • 5 Answer: variation/difference
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    Q5:  It is difficult to decide exactly when there is enough ________ to say an animal is a new species.

    So, delineating when enough variation has evolved to justify a new category is largely a matter of taste.

    Note:

    Here we must find a noun or a noun phrase, which is needed to consider an animal as a new species.

    The text above shows us that “variation/difference” is the word that we are looking for. In particular, “delineate” means to describe something. Its rough meaning can be equal to “decide”. Furthermore, “a matter of taste” means something depends on your own opinion. In this context, its rough meaning can be “difficult to tell”. 

    For that reason, the answer is variation/difference (1 word).
  • 6 Answer: futile
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    Q6: It is ______ to compare the number of species of ant and butterfly.

    Thus, it would be futile - if one were so inclined - to attempt to compare the diversity of ant and butterfly populations.

    Note:

    Here we must find an adjective, which describes the comparison between the number of species of ant and butterfly.

    The text above shows us that “futile” is the word that we are looking for. In particular, “the diversity of ant and butterfly populations” is equal to “the number of species of ant and butterfly”.

    For that reason, the answer is futile (1 word).
  • 7 Answer: fertile offspring
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    Q7: Generally, animals of the same species can make ____ together.

    The traditional way around the problem is to call a species all members of a group that share the same gene pool. They can mate together and produce fertile offspring.

    Note:

    Here must find a noun or a noun phrase, which is something that animals of the same species can make together.

    The text above shows us that “fertile offspring” are the words that we are looking for. In fact, it is believed that “members of a group that share the same gene pool”, or “animals of the same species”, can mate together and produce fertile offspring.

    For that reason, the answer is fertile offspring (2 words).
  • 8 Answer: species inflation
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    Q8: Some scientists claim that genetics has led to ___ rather than the actual discovery of new species.

    Upgrading subspecies to species is a strategy which James Mallet, of University College London, likes to call species inflation. It is a common by-product of genetic analysis, which can reveal differences between populations that the eye cannot. 

    Note:

    Here we must find a noun or a noun phrase, which is the result of genetics.

    The text above shows us that “species inflation” are the words that we are looking for. In the passage, species inflation is believed to be the common by-product of genetic analysis. In other words, genetics is believed to cause species inflation.

    In particular, “by-product” is something produced as the result of making something else.

    For that reason, the answer is species inflation (2 words).

Questions 9-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 9 -13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this

9 The possible new species of leopard appears different in two ways.

10 Darwinism created a problem with how species are defined.

11 Lepidopterists study ants.

12 Scientists are going to study more clouded leopards in Indonesia.

13 The writer believes that polar bears are not a species in their own right.

  • 9 Answer: FALSE
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    Q9: The possible new species of leopard appears different in two ways.

    Scientists have described a new species of clouded leopard from the tropical forests of Indonesia with spots (or “clouds", as they are poetically known; smaller than those of other clouded leopards, with fur a little darker and with a double as opposed to a "partial double" stripe down its back.

    Note:

    Question: The possible new species of leopard appears different in two ways.

    Passage: The possible new species of leopard appears different in three ways. Firstly, it has smaller spots. Secondly, its fur is a little darker. Finally, it has a double stripe down its back.

    For that reason, the answer is FALSE.
  • 10 Answer: TRUE
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    Q10: Darwinism created a problem with how species are defined.

    Darwinism has them as mutable things, generated gradually over time by natural selection. So, delineating when enough variation has evolved to justify a new category is largely a matter of taste.

    Note:

    Considering every detail in the question and in the passage, we can conclude that Q10 is confirmed in the passage. The problem that Darwinism created is that Darwinism thought of species as mutable things that generated gradually by natural selection. As a result, it is difficult to decide when there is enough variation to say an animal is a new species.

    For that reason, the answer is TRUE.
  • 11 Answer: FALSE
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    Q11: Lepidopterists study ants.

    Take ants and butterflies. Ant experts have recently been waging a war against all types of species subdivision. Lepidopterists, on the other hand, cling to the double barrel second names from their discipline’s 19th-century tradition, and categorise many local subclasses within species found over wide areas.

    Note:

    Question: Lepidopterists study ants.

    Passage: The passage is mainly about ants and butterflies. Firstly, it focusses on ants by talking about ant experts. Following that logic, it should focus on butterflies by talking about butterfly experts. Therefore, we should assume that “lepidopterists” study butterflies, not ants. In fact, “lepidopterist” is a person who studies butterflies.

    For that reason, the answer is FALSE.
  • 12 Answer: NOT GIVEN
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    Q12: Scientists are going to study more clouded leopards in Indonesia.

    Whether Indonesian clouded leopards can make cubs with continental ones remains unknown but seems probable.

    The authors did find some correlation, but they looked for it in only three Indonesian animals. A larger sample would have been more difficult.

    Note:

    Throughout the passage, the fact that scientists are going to study more clouded leopards in Indonesia is never directly or indirectly mentioned.

    For that reason, the answer is NOT GIVEN.
  • 13 Answer: NOT GIVEN
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    Q13: The writer believes that polar bears are not a species in their own right.

    The recent proposal to add the polar bear to the list of animals protected under America’s Endangered Species Act is an example. That seems all well and good. However, study the genetics and it transpires that polar bears are closer to some brown bears, than some brown bears are to each other. Go by the genes and it seems that the polar bear would not count as a species in its own right (and thus might not enjoy the protection afforded to species) but should be labelled a subspecies of the brown bear.

    Note:

    Throughout the passage, we can see that the writer states that polar bears may genetically not count as a species in their own right. This piece of information is largely a matter of fact or findings, and the writer only cites it. The writer’s opinion on whether polar bears are a species in their own right is never made known.  

    For that reason, the answer is NOT GIVEN.
Part 1

Reading Passage 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1 -13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Spot the Difference

A. Taxonomic history has been made this week, at least according In the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). a conservation group. Scientists have described a new species of clouded leopard from the tropical forests of Indonesia with spots (or “clouds", as they are poetically known; smaller than those of other clouded leopards, with fur a little darker and with a double as opposed to a "partial double" stripe down its back.

B. However, no previously unknown beast has suddenly leapt out from the forest. In-stead, some scientists have proposed a change in the official taxonomic accounting system of clouded leopards. Where there were four subspecies there will likely now be two species. A genetic analysis and a closer inspection of museum specimens’ coals published in Current Biology has found no relevant difference between three subspecies described 50 years ago from continental Asia and from the Hainan and Taiwan islands. The 5.000-11,000 clouded leopards on Borneo, the 3,000 -7,000 on Sumatra, and the remaining few on the nearby Batu islands can now, the authors say, claim a more elevated distinction as a species.

C. What this actually means is fuzzy and whether it is scientifically important is questionable. In any case, biologists do not agree what species and subspecies are. Creatures are given Latin first and second names (corresponding to a genus and species) according to the convention of Carl von Linné, who was born 300 years ago this May. But Linneaus, as he is more commonly known, thought of species as perfectly discrete units created by God. Darwinism has them as mutable things, generated gradually over time by natural selection. So, delineating when enough variation has evolved to justify a new category is largely a matter of taste.

D. Take ants and butterflies. Ant experts have recently been waging a war against all types of species subdivision. Lepidopterists, on the other hand, cling to the double barrel second names from their discipline’s 19th-century tradition, and categorise many local subclasses within species found over wide areas. Thus, it would be futile - if one were so inclined - to attempt to compare the diversity of ant and butterfly populations.

E. The traditional way around the problem is to call a species all members of a group that share the same gene pool. They can mate together and produce fertile offspring. Whether Indonesian clouded leopards can make cubs with continental ones remains unknown but seems probable. Instead, the claim this week is that genetics and slight differences in fur patterning are enough to justify rebranding the clouded leopard as two significant types. Genetically, that makes sense if many DNA variations correlate perfectly between members of the two groups. The authors did find some correlation, but they looked for it in only three Indonesian animals. A larger sample would have been more difficult.

F. One thing is abundantly clear: conservationists who are trying to stop the destruction of the leopards’ habitat in Borneo and Sumatra see the announcement of a new species of big cat as a means to gain publicity and political capital. Upgrading subspecies to species is a strategy which James Mallet, of University College London, likes to call species inflation. It is a common by-product of genetic analysis, which can reveal differences between populations that the eye cannot. Creating ever more detailed genetic categories means creating smaller and increasingly restricted populations of more species. The trouble is that risks devaluing the importance of the term “species”.

G. The problem of redefining species by genetics is the creation of taxonomic confusion, a potentially serious difficulty for conservationists and others. The recent proposal to add the polar bear to the list of animals protected under America’s Endangered Species Act is an example. That seems all well and good. However, study the genetics and it transpires that polar bears are closer to some brown bears, than some brown hears are to each other. Go by the genes and it seems that the polar bear would not count as a species in its own right (and thus might not enjoy the protection afforded to species) but should be labelled a subspecies of the brown bear.

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