Answer Keys:
Part 1: Question 1 - 10
- 1 C
- 2 B
- 3 North Avenue
- 4 WS6 2YH
- 5 01674553242
- 6 free drinks
- 7 the pianist
- 8 10.50
- 9 4
- 10 50%
Part 2: Question 11 - 20
- 11 1.30
- 12 25 December
- 13 car park / parking lot
- 14 45
- 15 tables
- 16 18 C,F,G
- 19 20 B,E
Part 3: Question 21 - 30
- 21 A
- 22 C
- 23 A
- 24 B
- 25 27 B,C,F
- 28 12.000
- 29 horses
- 30 caves
Part 4: Question 31 - 40
- 31 Surface
- 32 environment
- 33 impact
- 34 urban
- 35 problems
- 36 images
- 37 patterns
- 38 distortion
- 39 traffic
- 40 weather
Review your test now?
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Review & Explanations:
Questions 1-2
Choose the correct letter A, B or C
In the lobby of the library George saw
- A
- B
- C
|
George wants to sit at the back so they can
- A
- B
- C
The keywords concerned in Q2 must be “sit at the back”. After discussing about no cheap seats left and claims that there is only one-price seats, the man in the conversation says he thinks that if the woman sit at the back she can actually hear the whole thing better.This means the man think sitting at the back can help to hear the whole thing better. The question asks for reason why George wants to sit at the back. Therefore, the answer should be B. hear clearly Note: Option A. see well and option C. pay less are not mentioned, so they are incorrect. |
Questions 3-10
Complete the form below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND / OR A NUMBER for each answer.
| NAME | George O’Neill | ||
| ADDRESS: | 48 3 , West sea | ||
| POSTCODE: | 4 | ||
| TELEPHONE: | 5 | ||
| Date | Event | Price per ticket | No. Of tickets |
| 5 June | Instumental group - Guitarrini | £7.50 | 2 |
| 17 June | Singer (price includes 6 in the garden) | £6 | 2 |
| 22 June | 7 (Anna Ventura) | £7.00 | 1 |
| 23 June | Spanish Dance & Guitar Concert | £ 8 | 9 |
NB Children / Student / Senior Citizens have 10 discount on all tickets. | |||
- 3 Answer: North Avenue
The keywords concerned in Q3 must be “Address”
The question asks for the address of the man. The address mentioned in the conversation is 48 North Avenue, Westsea.
Therefore, the answer must be 48 North Avenue, Westsea.
- 4 Answer: WS6 2YH
The keywords concerned in Q4 must be “postcode”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a series of letter and number.
The man asks the woman to remind him the postcode as he cant remember it. The postcode mentioned is WS6 2YH.
Therefore, the answer must be WS6 2YH.
- 5 Answer: 01674553242
The keywords concerned in Q5 must be “phone number”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a series of number.
The number mentioned in the conversation is 01674553242. Therefore, the answer for Q5 must be “01674553242”.
- 6 Answer: free drinks
The keywords concerned in Q6 must be “17th of June” and “Singer”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number indicating the price.The woman mentions that ticket £6.00 includes drinks in the garden.
Therefore, the answer should be free drink.
Note: The price mentioned at first £7.50 each is the price for Guitarrini.
- 7 Answer: the pianist
The keyword concerned in Q7 must be “22nd of June”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.The woman mentions the pianist on the 22nd of June
Therefore, the answer should be the pianist
- 8 Answer: 10.50
The keywords concerned in Q8 must be “the Spanish dance and guitar concert”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a price.
The man mentions the price of the ticket is £10.50. Therefore, the answer should be £10.50.
- 9 Answer: 4
The keywords concerned in Q9 must also be “the Spanish dance and guitar concert”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number.
The man mentions that they need to book four. Therefore, the answer should be 4.
- 10 Answer: 50%
The keywords concerned in Q10 must be “Children, Students and Senior Citizens” and “discount”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number or percentage
The woman states that Children, Students and Senior Citizens get a 50% discount on everything. Therefore, the answer should be 50%.
Question 11-15
Complete the sentences below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND / OR A NUMBER for each answer.
The Dinosaur Museum
The museum closes at 11 p.m. on Mondays
The museum is not open on 12
School groups are met by tour guides in the 13
The whole visit takes 90 minutes, including 14 minutes for the guided tour.
There are 15 behind the museum where students can have lunch.
- 11 Answer: 1.30
The keywords concerned in Q11 must be “Mondays” and “close”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must indicate time.
The speaker mention that on Mondays they close at 1.30 pm. Therefore, the answer should be 1.30 pm.
Note: The time 9.00 am to 8.00 pm mentioned is the opening hours every day of the week, but not for Monday. Students should pay attention to avoid making mistakes.
- 12 Answer: 25 December
The keywords concerned in Q12 must be “the only day in the year when we’re closed”.
The speaker says the only day in the year when they are closed is on the 25th of December. This means on the 25th of December the museum is not open. Therefore, the answer should be the 25th of December.
- 13 Answer: car park / parking lot
The keywords concerned in Q13 must be “school group” and “tour guides”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun indicating a place.
The speaker states that One or more of the tour guides will welcome school groups in the car park. Therefore, the answer should be car park.
- 14 Answer: 45
The keywords concerned in Q14 must be “for the guided tour”
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be an amount of time.
The speaker states that there are 45 minutes for the guided tour. Therefore, the answer should be 45 minutes.
Note:
15 minutes is time to get on and off the coach.
30 minutes is time for after-tour activities.
- 15 Answer: tables
The keywords concerned in Q15 must be “the museum at the back”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.
The speaker mention that Then outside the museum at the back there are tables, and students can bring their own lunch and eat it there. Therefore, the answer should be tables.
Questions 16-18
Choose THREE letters, A-G
Which THREE things can students have with them in the museum?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- 16-18 Answer: C,F,G
Which THREE things can students have with them in the museum?
The speaker says that they provide school students with handouts with question and quizzes on them. Therefore, we can choose C. worksheet to answer question Q16.
It is mentioned that the students’ll need to bring something to write with for these. Therefore, we can choose F. pens to answer question Q17.
It is also mentioned that the museum do allow students to take students to take photographs. Therefore, C. cameras also can be chosen to answer question Q18.
Questions 19-20
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO activities can students do after the tour at present?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- 19-20 Answer: B,E
Which TWO activities can students do after the tour at present?
The speaker says that In the threatrete on the ground floor there are continuous screenings of short documentaries about dinosaurs which they can see at any time. This means students can watch films after the tour. Therefore, we can choose B. watch films to answer question Q19.
It is mentioned that the museum has an IT centre where students have access to CD ROMs with a range of dinosaur games. This means students can play games after the tour. Therefore, we can choose E. play computer games to answer question Q20.
Questions 21-24
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
The tutor thinks that Sandra's proposal
- A
- B
- C
Note: Option B. needs a contents page is not correct as the tutor tells Sandra to avoid typos and problems with layout in the proposal even in the contents pages which means her proposal has already had content pages. Option C. ought to include more information is also not correct as the tutor does not mention information should be included. |
The proposal would be easier to follow if Sandra
- A
- B
- C
|
What was the problem with the formatting on Sandra’s proposal?
- A
- B
- C
=> Option A Separate points were not clearly identified is the correct answer. |
Sandra became interested in visiting the Navajo National Park through
- A
- B
- C
Note The subsequent research and the online photographs made Sandra keener, or more interested, not made Sandra become interested in visiting the place. So option A and C is not correct. |
Questions 25-27
Choose THREE letters, A-G.
Which THREE topics does Sandra agree to include in the proposal?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- 25-27 Answer: B,C,F
Which THREE topics does Sandra agree to include in the proposal?
The keywords concerned in Q25, Q26, Q27 must be “include in the proposal”.
Sandra mentioned that one thing she needs to focus on was the sandstone plateau and cliffs themselves. This means Sandra agree to include geographical features in the proposal. Therefore, the option C. geographical features can be chosen as answer for Q25.
Sandra also mentions that she think an indication of what the students on the trip certainly needs to be included and to be expended upon. This means Sandra agree to include field trip activities in the proposal. Therefore, the option B. field trip activities can be chosen as answer for Q26.
Sandra says she’d like to see something about the local wildlife, and vegetation too. This means Sandra agree to include vegetation and wildlife in the proposal. Therefore, the option F. plant and animal life can be chosen as answer for Q27.
Questions 28-30
Complete the sentences below.
Write ONE WORD ANDIOR A NUMBER for each answer.
The tribal park covers 28 hectares.
Sandra suggests that they share the 29 for transport.
She says they could also explore the local 30
- 28 Answer: 12.000
The keyword concerned in Q28 must be “tribal park cover”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a number.
The tutor mentions that the tribal park covers 12,000 hectares. Therefore, the answer should be 12,000 hectares
- 29 Answer: horses
The keyword concerned in Q29 must be “transport”.
Sandra says that the best way to appreciate the area would be to hire horses. This means she suggest they share horses for transport.
Therefore, the answer for this question must be horses.
Note:
The most popular are in four-wheel drive jeeps – but Sandra wouldn’t recommend hiring those. This means Sandra does not suggest hiring jeeps.
- 30 Answer: caves
The keyword concerned in Q30 must be “visit”.
The tutor asks for place to visit and Sandra says there are several caves Therefore, the answer for this question must be caves.
Questions 31-40
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Studying geography helps us to understand:
Two main branches of study:
Specific study areas: biophysical , topographic, political, social, economic, historical and 34 geography, and also cartography Key point: geography helps us to understand our surroundings and the associated 35 What do geographers do?
publish findings inform of: a) maps - easy to carry - can show physical features of large and small areas - BUT a two-dimensional map will always have some 38 b) aerial photos - can show vegetation problems, 39 density, ocean floor etc. c) Lands at pictures sent to receiving stations - used for monitoring 40 conditions etc. |
- 31 Answer: Surface
The keywords concerned in Q31 must be “process” “Earth” and “affect”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.
The lecturer says that they learn a great deal about all the processes that have affected and that continue to affect the earth’s surface.
Therefore, the answer must be surface.
- 32 Answer: environment
The keywords concerned in Q32 must be “relationship”, “the people ”
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.
From the lecture, it is implied that studying geography also informs about the relationship between a particular environment and the people that live there, or between environment and population.
Therefore, the answer must be environment.
- 33 Answer: impact
The keywords concerned in Q33 must be “the ways in which we choose to live”
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.
The lecturer states that there’s the study of the ways in which we choose to live and of the impact of those on our planet. Thus, human lifestyles and their impact is a branch of study
=> The answer for Q33 must be impact
- 34 Answer: urban
The keywords concerned in Q34 must be “geography”.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be an adjective.
The lecturer mentions urban geography in his lecture.
Therefore the answer must be urban.
- 35 Answer: problems
The keywords concerned in Q35 must be “surrounding”, “relate””.
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.
The lecturer explicitly states that We would know very little about our surrounding and we wouldn’t be able to identify all the problems that relate to them. Therefore, the answer for Q35 must be “problems”.
- 36 Answer: images
The keywords concerned in Q36 must be “means of computer” “generation technology” “satellite”
From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a noun.
The lecturer explicitly states that they also need images of the earth’s surface. Therefore, the answer for Q36 must be images.
- 37 Answer: patterns
The keywords concerned in Q37 must be “analyse” and “look for” “cause and consequences”.
From this question, we can assume that the answer for Q37 must be a noun.
The lecturer explicitly states that they need to look for patterns, most commonly those of cause and consequences.
Therefore, the answer for Q37 must be “patterns”.
- 38 Answer: distortion
The keywords concerned in Q38 must be “two dimensions”, “map”.
From this question, we can assume that the answer for Q40 must be a noun.
From the lecture, we can imply that there’ll always be a certain degree of distortion on a two-dimensional map. Therefore, the answer for Q38 must be “distortion”.
- 39 Answer: traffic
The keywords concerned in Q39 must be “diseased trees” and “how much” “deep sea beds”.
From this question, we can assume that the answer for Q38 must be a noun.
The lecturer explicitly states that aerial photographs can easily illustrate how much traffic is on the road at a roads at a given time.
Therefore, the answer for Q39 must be “traffic”.
- 40 Answer: weather
The keywords concerned in Q40 must be “receiving stations”, “the information they give us”.
From this question, we can assume that the answer for Q40 must be a noun.
From the lecture, we can imply that satellites that circle the earth and transmit visual information to computers at receiving stations give us about the weather.
Therefore, the answer for Q40 must be weather.
แหล่งที่มา 1
แหล่งที่มา 2
SECTION 1
NINA: Hi, George! Glad you’re back. Loads of people have phoned you.
GEORGE : Really?
NINA: I felt just like your secretary!
GEORGE : Sorry! I went into the library this afternoon to have a look at a newspaper and I came across something really interesting.
NINA: What? A book?
GEORGE : No, a brochure from a summer festival – mainly Spanish music. Look, I’ve got it here.
NINA: Spanish music? I really love the guitar. Let’s have a look. So what’s this group ‘Guitarrini’?
GEORGE : They’re really good. They had a video with all the highlights of the festival at a stand in the lobby to the library, so I heard them. They play fantastic instruments – drums and flutes and old kinds of guitars. I’ve never heard anything like it before.
NINA: Sounds great.
GEORGE : Okay. Shall we go then? Spoil ourselves?
NINA: Yes, let’s.
GEORGE : The only problem is there aren’t any cheap seats…it’s all one price.
NINA: Well, in that case we could sit right at the front – we’d have a really good view.
GEORGE : Yeah, though I think that if you sit at the back you can actually hear the whole thing better.
NINA: Yes, Anyway we can decided when we get there.NINA: So will you fill in the form or shall I?
GEORGE : GEORGE : I’ll do it. Name: George O’Neill. Address: 48 North Avenue, Westsea. Do you remember our new postcode? Still can’ remember it.
NINA: Just a minute – I’ve got it written down here. WS6 2YH. Do you need the phone too?
GEORGE : Please. I’m really bad at numbers.
NINA: 01674553242. So, let’s book two tickets for Guitarrini.
GEORGE : Okay. If you’re sure £7.50 each is right. How do you feel about the singer?
NINA: I haven’t quite decided. But I’ve noticed something on the booking form that might just persuade me!
GEORGE : What’s that then?
NINA: Free refreshments!
GEORGE : Really?
NINA: Yes, look here. Sunday 17th of June. Singer, ticket £6.00 includes drinks in the garden.
GEORGE : Sounds like a bargain to me!
NINA: Yes, let’s book two tickets for that. So, what else? I’m feeling quite keen now! How about the pianist on the 22nd of June?
GEORGE : Anna Ventura? I’ve just remembered that’s my evening class right.
NINA: That’s okay. I’ll just have to do on my own – but we can go to the Spanish dance and guitar concert together, can’t we?
GEORGE : Yes – I’m sure Tom and Kieran would enjoy that too. Good heavens - £10.50 a ticket! I can see we’re going to have to go without food for the rest of the week – we’ll need to book four!
NINA: Wish we were students – look! Children, Students and Senior Citizens get a 50% discount on everything.
GEORGE : If only!
SECTION 2
Hello, and thank you for asking me to your teachers’ meeting to talk about the Dinosaur Museum and to tell you about what your students there.
Well, let me give you some of the basic him formation first. In regard to opening hours, we’re open every day of the week from 9.00 am to 8.00 pm except on Mondays when we close at 1.30 pm. And, in fact the only day in the year when we’re closed is on the 25th of December. You can book a guided tour for your school group any time that we’re open.
If you bring a school group to the museum, when you arrive we ask you to remain with your group in the car park. One or more of the tour guides will welcome you there and brief you about what The tour will be about. We do this there because our entrance is quite small and we really haven’t got much room for briefing groups in the exhibition area.
As far as the amount of time you’ll need goes, if you bring a school group you should plan on allowing a minimum of 90 minutes for the visit. This allows 15 minutes to get on and off the coach, 45 minutes for the guided tour and 30 minutes for after-tour activities.
If you’re going to have lunch at the museum you will, of course, have to allow more time. There are two café in the museum, with setting for 80 people. If you want to eat there you’ll need to reserve some seating, as they can get quite crowed at lunch time. Then outside the museum at the back there are tables, and students can bring their own lunch and eat it there in the open air.
When the students come into the museum foyer we ask them to check in their backpacks with their books, lunch boxes, etc, at the cloakroom before they enter the museum proper. I’m afraid in the past we h have had a few things gone missing after school visits so this is a strict rule. Also, some of the exhibits are fragile and we don’t want them to be accidentally knocked. But we do provide school students with handouts with question and quizzes on them. There’s so much that students can learn in the museum and it’s fun for them to have something to do. Of course they’ll need to bring something to write with for these. We do allow students to take studentsto take photographs. For students who are doing projects it’s useful to make some kind of visual record of what they see that they can add to their reports. And finally, they should not bring anything to eat into the museum, or drinks of any kind.
There are also a few things the students can do after the tour. In the threatrette on the ground floor there are continuous screenings of short documentaries about dinosaurs which they can see at any time. We used to have an activity room with more interactive things like making models of dinosaurs and drawing and painting pictures, even hunting for dinosaurs eggs, but unfortunately the room was damaged in a bad storm recently when water came in the roof, so that’s closed at the moment. But we do have an IT centre where students have access to CD ROMs with a range of dinosaur games. These games are a lot of fun , but they also teach the students about the lives of dinosaurs, how they found food, protected their habitat, survived threats, that kind of things.
And …..I think that’s all I have to tell you. Please feel free to ask any questions if you would like to know anything else…
SECTION 3
TUTOR: Right, Sandra. You wanted to see me to get some feedback on your group’s proposal. The one you’re submitting for the Geography Society field trip competition. I’ve had a look through your proposal and I think it’s a really good choice. In fact, I only have a few things to say about it, but even in an outline document like this you really have to be careful to avoid typos and problems with layout in the proposal, and even in the contents pages. So read it through carefully before submitting it, okay?
SANDRA: Will do.
TUTOR: And I’ve made a few notes on the proposal about things which could have been better sequenced.
SANDRA: Okay.
TUTOR: As for the writing itself, I’ve annotated the proposal as and where I thought it could be improved. Generally speaking, I feel you’ve often used complex structures and long sentences for the sake of it and as a consequence….although your paragraphing and inclusion of sub-headings help…it’s quite hard to follow your train of thought at times. So cut them down a bit, can you?
SANDRA: Really?
TUTOR: Yes. And don’t forget simple formatting like numbering.
SANDRA: Didn’t I use page numbers?
TUTOR: I didn’t mean that. Look, you’ve remember to include headers and footers, which is good, but listing ideas clearly is important. Number them or use bullet points, which is even clearer. Then you’ll focus the reader on your main points. I thought your suggestion to go to the Navajo Tribal Park was a very good idea.
SANDRA: I’ve always wanted to go there . My father was a great fan of cowboy films and the Wild West so I was subjected to seeing all the epics, many of which were shot there. As a consequence, it feels very familiar to me and it’s awesome both geographically and visually, so it’s somewhere I’ve always wanted to visit. The subsequent research I did and the online photographs made me even keener.
TUTOR: Interesting. Right, let’s look at the content of your proposal now.
SANDRA: Did you find it comprehensive enough?
TUTOR: Well, yes and no. You’ve listed several different topics on your h contents page, but I’m not sure they’re all relevant.
SANDRA: No? Well, I thought that from the perspective of a fieldtrip, one thing I needed to focus on was the sandstone plateau and cliffs themselves. The way they tower up from the flat landscape is just amazing. The fact that the surrounding softer rocks were eroded by wind and rain, leaving these huge outcrops high above the plain. It’s hardly surprising that tourists flock to see the area.
TUTOR: Well, yes. I’d agree with including those points ...
SANDRA: And then the fact that it’s been home to native American Navajos and all the social history that goes with that. The hardship they endured trying to save their territory from the invading settlers. Their culture h is so rich-all those wonderful stories.
TUTOR: Well, I agree it’s interesting , but it’s not immediately relevant to your proposal, Sandra, so at this stage, I suggest you focus on other considerations. I think an indication of what the students on the trip could actually do when they get there should be far more central, so that certainly needs to be included and to be expanded upon. And I’d like to see something about the local wildlife, and vegetation too, not that I imagine there’s much to see. Presumably the tourist invasion hasn’t helped.
SANDRA: Okay, I’ll do some work on those two areas as well. But you’re right, there’s not much apart from some very shallow-rooted species. Although it’s cold and snowy there in the winter, the earth is baked so hard in the summer sun that rainwater can’t penetrate. So it’s a case of flood or drought, really.
TUTOR: So, I understand. Now, before we look at everything in more detail, I’ve got a few factual questions for you. It would be a good idea to include the answers in your finished proposal, because they’re missing from your draft.
SANDRA: Fine.
TUTOR: So, you mentioned the monoliths and the spires, which was good, but what area does the tribal park cover? Do you know?
SANDRA: 12,000 hectares, and the plain is at about 5,850 metres above sea level.
TUTOR: Larger than I expected. Okay. Where’s the nearest accommodation? That’s a practical detail that you haven’t included. Have you done any research on that?
SANDRA: Yes. There’s nowhere to stay in the park itself , but there’s j an old trading post called Goulding quite near. All kinds of tours start from Goulding, too.
TUTOR: What kinds of tours?
SANDRA: Well, the most popular are in four-wheel drive jeeps – but I wouldn’t recommend hiring those. I think the best way to appreciate the area would be to hire horses instead and trek around on those. Biking is not allowed and it’s impossible to drive around the area in private vehicles. The tracks are too rough.
TUTOR: Okay, lastly. What else is worth visiting there?
SANDRA: There are several caves, but I haven’t looked into any details. I’ll find out about them.
TUTOR: Okay, good. Now what I’d like to know is…
SECTION 4
So, welcome to your introductory geography lecture. We’ll begin with some basics. Firstly, what do we lean by studying geography?
Well, we learn a great deal about all the processes that have affected and that continue to affect the earth’s surface. But we learn far more than that, because studying geography also informs us about the different kinds of relationship that develop between a particular environment and the people that live there.
Okay. We like to think of geography as having to main branches. There’s the study of the nature of our planet – its physical features, what it actually looks like – and then there’s the study of the ways in which we choose to live and of the impact of those on our planet. Our current use of carbon fuels is a good example of that.
But there are more specific study areas to consider too, and we’ll be looking at each of these in turn throughout this semester. These include bio-physical geography, by which I mean the study of the natural environment and all its living things. Then there’s topography – that looks at the shapes of the land and oceans. There’s the study of political geography and social geography too, of course, which is the study of communities of people. We have economics - in which we examine all kinds of resource and their use – agriculture, for example. Next comes historical geography – the understanding of how people and their environments and the ways they interact have changed over a period of time – and urban geography, an aspect I’m particularly interested in, which takes as its focus the location of cities. And lastly, we have cartography. That’s the art and science of map-making. You’ll be doing a lot of that!
So, to summarise before we continue, we now have our key answer…studying this subject is important because without geographical knowledge, We would know very little about our surroundings and we wouldn’t be able to identify all the problems that relate to them. So, by definition, we wouldn’t be in an informed position to work out how to solve many of them.
Okay, now for some practicalities. What do geographers actually do? Well, we collect data to begin with! You’ll be doing a lot of that on your first field trip! How do we do this? There are several means. We might, for example, conduct a census – count a population in a given area perhaps. We also need images of the earth’s surface which we can produce by means of computer – generation technology or with the help of satellite relays. We’ve come a very long way from the early exploration of the world by sailing ships when geographers only had pens and paper at their disposal.
After we’ve gathered our information, we must analyse it! We need to look for patterns, most commonly those of cause and consequences. This kind of information, we must analyse it! We need to look for patterns, most commonly those of causes and consequences. This kind of information helps us to predict and resolve problems that could affect the world we live in.
But we don’t keep all this information confidential. We then need to publish our findings so that other people can access it and be informed by it. And one way in which this information can be published is in the form of maps. You’ll all have used one at some stage of your life already. Let’s consider the benefits of maps from a geographer’s perspective.
Maps can be folded hand put in a pocket and provide a great store of reference when they’re collected in an atlas. They can depict the physical features of the entire planet if necessary, or , just a small part of it in much greater detail. But there is a drawback. You can’t c exactly replicate something that is three-dimensional, like our planet, on a flat piece of paper, because paper has only two dimensions, and that means there’ll always be a certain degree of distortion on a map. It can’t be avoided.
We can also use aerial photographs…pictures taken by cameras at high altitude above the earth. These are great for showing all kinds of geographical features that are not easy to see from the ground . You can easily illustrate areas of diseased trees or how much traffic is on the road at a given time or information about deep sea beds, for example.
Then there are Landsats. These are satellites that circle the earth and transmit visual information to computers at receiving stations. They circle the earth several times a day and can provide a mass of information – you’ll be familiar with the information they give us about the weather, for example.
So, what we’re going to do now is look at a short presentation in which you’ll see all these tools…
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