SECTION 2
Presenter: Welcome everyone. My name is Pamela Stark and I’m here to tell you about international students and employment in this country. Let me start by stating the most important thing first-your your ability to work in this country while you’re here as an international student depends on whether you are: an EEA national, that is a European Economic Area national, not an EEA national with a stamp saying ’restriction on working’ in your passport, or not an EEA national with a ‘prohibition on working’ stamp in your passport .
Now, if you are an EEA national, you can work freely in this country. You can work for an employer or be self-employed. If your dependent, such as your spouse or children, come with you to this country, they can work here as well, no matter what their nationality. This is thanks to EEA rules and these rules also mean that students from this country studying in other EEA member-states can work freely too.
Now, if you have come here for a course lasting more than six months, the immigration authorities automatically put a ‘restriction on working’ in your passport. It is worded in the following way: ‘work, and any changes, must be authorised’. This allows you to work under certain conditions in. The first of these conditions is that, during term-time, you can work no more than 20 hours per week, but you can work longer if the work placement is an essential part of your course, for example, the work period of a sandwich course. The second condition is that you cannot run your own business, be self-employed , or work as a professional sports person or entertainer. The third condition is that you cannot take up a permanent full-time position, though you can do full-time, short-term work during the holidays.
If you are enrolled on a course lasting more than six months and you do not have this stamp, speak to an adviser at your institution immediately. Do not start work! It may be that a mistake has been made that needs to be corrected. However, even if a mistake has been made, if you start work, you are breaking the law. This could have serious consequences for your future stay here.
Another point that I would like to make is that even if you expect to be given a ‘restriction on working’, or already have one, you cannot include your earnings as evidence of your ability to support yourself financially. However, there are two exceptions to this rule. One is if you will be attending a publicly funded college or university and the institution guarantees that it will employ you and can provide details of your pay. The other is if you will be attending a sandwich course at a publicly funded college or university and the institution guarantees that there will be a job for you and can provide details of your pay. In those two cases, you can include these earnings as evidence of your ability to support yourself.
If you are from a country outside the EEA and your course in this country lasts six months or less, the immigration authorities are likely to have put a ‘prohibition on working’ in your passport. It is worded as follows: ‘No work or recourse to public funds’. This means that you are not allowed to work at all while you are here. If you have come for a course of six months or less and want to be able to work, for example because your course involves a work placement, you should have explained this when you applied for entry clearance or when you landed, if you did not get entry clearance in advance. If you have already been given a ‘prohibition on working’, you may be able to apply to have it changed. Ask the international officer or student adviser at your institution for advice. If you can provide evidence that you will be on a placement , your passport stamp will normally be changed. However, do not begin your placement before getting your stamp changed! Again, that is illegal and could affect your future studies in this country.
Now, let’s take a look at the situation if you are a non-EEA national and have brought your spouse or children with you. In that case, their passports will show the conditions that apply to them. They may be given either a ‘prohibition on working’ – as explained above, this means they are not allowed to work, or they may have been given an entry clearance or stamp that does not mention employment at all. In this case, they are free to work in here without any limitations other than the right to start their own business. They will have been given this stamp if they have shown evidence that you, the student, have been given permission to be here for at least 12 months.
Finally, let’s take a look at working after your course ends, if you are a non- EEA citizen. Until now, the majority of non-EEA students have found it difficult to obtain permission to stay on in this country after their studies for work, apart from if they were training for a professional or specialist qualification before returning home. However, the government is currently reviewing its policies, and some changes may be introduced that make it easier for students to stay on for work. You can find information about the current position if you click on ‘work permits’ on the website listed on the leaflet I have given you. I should say that special provisions have always applied to doctors, dentists and nurses, and these will continue.
有话要说:
The pictures shows "A wave energy machine" and two options to install
it whether in large wave or in small waves. However, the machine work
similarly but the cost and output differ i.e larger the cost higher the
output visa vera.
At first the wave engergy machine start work when a hit into the chamber
from the bottom and air from the top after that when wave hit upward from
the bottom pressure goes up which lead to flow of air in the clock wise
direction and goes out from the above exit similarly, beacuse of flow
of air from upward and top plates of turbine move and air compress the
water down from the bottom exit therefore, consiquently turbine work with
pressure generated by water and air of both chambers and produced electricity
Although, the electricity produced is depends upon the location where the
Machine is installed when it is diged down deep into the water in exposer
of larges wave it generated high electricity in term of output and if it
is located near the ground it's obvious small wave are only input to the
machine which lead to produces low amount of power. Nevertheless it also
cost high when it's digged at a distance from ground and less when its
nearer the coast.
In conclusion, turbine works on the pressure generated from both chambers
air, water flow and gernate electricity the higher the flow larger the output
and cost, lower the flow lesser the output and expense.
With the developing technology in today's world, online shopping has become very popular.
While the rapidly growing and developed online shopping sites offer a wide range of opportunities, they also bring people face to face with security problems.
When the positive and negative aspects of online shopping are compared, according to me, the positive aspects outweigh.
The fact that online sites are easily accessible to a wide internet user (especially with the social media), the products that need it even to underdeveloped countries with production problems can be delivered with one click, because there are no high taxes and rental costs, people do not have to buy online because the prices are more affordable, also makes it attractive.
For example, a person living in Africa can buy any product from any country, thanks to big companies such as Amazon and Alibaba.
On the other hand, the fact that scammers and information thieves (hackers) can easily access these sites causes an increase in cybercrimes, and the sale of non-real and poor-quality products on some sites causes people not to prefer online shopping.
According to my experience, a shoe I ordered online did not fit my foot structure, so I tried to return it a few times and try to exchange with a new one. In this process, even though the communication problems I had with the seller and shipping companies had a negative effect on my attitude towards online shopping, the variety of products and reasonable prices made me not give up on online shopping.
As a result, in the age of technology, human beings, who no longer even touch money, will improve themselves in this field and increase the usability and attractiveness of online shopping.
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The diagrams depict the design and location of a wave-energy machine. The design consists of several key components: a buoyant platform tethered to the seabed, an arm connected to the platform's pivot, and an oscillating water column inside the platform. The platform moves with the waves, causing the arm to pivot. This motion drives the oscillating water column, creating an airflow that spins a turbine and generates electricity. This design harnesses wave energy effectively.
The machine is situated offshore, positioned on the seabed near the coastline. It benefits from the proximity to the shoreline where wave activity is high. Placing the machine in this location optimizes its ability to capture the kinetic energy from the waves, converting it into a renewable energy source.
In comparison to other renewable energy methods, this wave-energy machine takes advantage of the constant and predictable nature of ocean waves. Unlike solar or wind energy, which are dependent on weather conditions, waves are more consistent. Additionally, its offshore location minimizes visual impact on the coastline while utilizing the natural power of the ocean.
In conclusion, the wave-energy machine's innovative design and strategic offshore location make it a promising solution for generating renewable energy from ocean waves, contributing to sustainable power generation.
Online shopping has become the favorite way nowadays for people to buy their goods. In the past we would not think of buying clothes, groceries or plane tickets online was a remote idea. With the development of technology this idea came to live.
Buying online saves time, energy and even money, before an owner of an establishment needed to have a place to sell their articles, pay utility bills, taxes for the building and so on, now the same person can run its business from the comfort of their house, give as a consequence a reduction of prices. It saves times, because your purchases are as far as a click, there is no longer lines in the store or asking a sells person to look for your size in the back. All of these helps us to use are energy in more productive activities. It also, in the case of a pandemic, when going outside was not a choice, the online shopping played a very important part in keeping some business open. As well as permiting people to keep their jobs and for others to reduce the chances of being infected at not being exposed to the environment.
As a disadvantage, it reduces social interactions, therefor increases the chances of mental health diseases like depression and anxiety. It has as a disadvantage that you might get scammed or your banking information being stolen. Could be too that there was a mistake in your order or sizing and the shipping is so expensive that you decide to keep the item even if is not of use for you; this is what had happened to me.
Is true that there are some disadvantages to shopping online but i think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages as well if all the measurements for online shopping are taken in place.
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The implementation of renewable sources of energy its been one of the main ways to decrease the use of fuel and help to stop the problems that cause global warming. Several ideas are used to help this matter and one of them is the wave-energy machine. In the two pictures provided we can see the two ways a wave-energy machine works. In first picture, it shown how a wave-energy machine works. First, the wave reaches the chambers and the air that flows allows a turbine to spin. In consequence the movement of the turbine is the one that generates electricity. Wave-energy machines can be placed in different locations to receive small waves and large waves, being the last one the one that generates high output, having as a disadvantage the high installation costs. Either way, implementing the machine in any of the two locations will help to increase our use of renewable.
https://ieltsonlinetests.com/wot/result/writing-practice-test-1-1143424
please comment my speech.
two above pictures describe how a wave energy machine could work and also the costs and results difference in two different type of wave energy machine.
Renewable energy, which is also called reversible energy, is a type of energy whose production source, unlike non-renewable (fossil) energy, has the ability to be regenerated by nature in a short period of time. In other words, they are resources that can be easily replaced after consumption.
Wave power is produced by the up-and-down motion of floating devices placed on the surface of the ocean. In other words, wind produces waves, and then waves produce energy. As the waves travel across the ocean, high-tech devices capture the natural movements of ocean currents and the flow of swells to generate power.
NOWADAYS, PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO PURCHASE EVERYTHING THROUGH INTERNET. BOOKS, PLANE TICKETS AND GROCERIES ARE ONE CLICK AWAY. THIS BECAME POPULAR ESPECIALLY FOR THOSE PEOPLE LIVING FAR AWAY IN THE CITIES OR DOES NOT HAVE TIME TO PURCHASE SUCH THINGS. WHILE, THIS IS REALLY CONVENIENT, OTHERS THINK THAT THIS HAS CAUSED NEGATIVELY TO PEOPLE. IN THIS ESSAY, WE WILL DISCUSS WHY THERE ARE MANY ADVANTAGES SHOPPING ONLINE THAN ITS DRAWBACKS.
FIRSTLY, INTERNET HAS BEEN ADVANCING RAPIDLY. IN THIS PRESENT TIME, PEOPLE CAN PURCHASE EVERYTHING ONLINE WITH THE HELP OF INTERNET. THIS ALLOWS PEOPLE TO SHOP WITH CONVENIENCE BECAUSE THEY DO NOT NEED TO GO OUT AND BUY THINGS THEY NEEDED PERSONALLY. ALSO, NOT EVERYONE HAS THE ACCESS TO BUY SOMETHING THEY ALL NEEDED DUE TO THEIR LOCATION AND TIME, SO, THEY ORDER EVERYTHING ONLINE NOW. FOR EXAMPLE, THERE ARE PEOPLE WORKING IN GRAVEYARD SHIFT WHICH MEANS MOST OF THE ESTABLISHMENTS ARE NOW CLOSED AND WITH THE HELP OF THE INTERNET, THEY ARE NOW ABLE TO DO GROCERIES ONLINE AND HAVE IT DELIVER BY THE TIME THEY ARE AVAILABLE AT THEIR HOMES. IN ADDITION, DURING PANDEMIC, ONLINE SHOPPING HAS BEEN SO USEFUL TO EVERYONE AROUND THE WORLD SINCE WE DO NOT NEED TO GO OUT AND HAVING THE CHANCE TO GET INFECFTED WITH VIRUS.
ON THE OTHER HAND, PEOPLE BELIEVED THAT THIS DEVELOPMENT IS NOT GOOD BECAUSE THIS IS QUITE ADDICTING TO SOME. THIS CONVENIENCE HAS ITS DISADVANTAGES. FOR INSTANCE, YOUNG PEOPLE HAS NOW ACCESS TO BUY ANYTHING ONLINE AND THIS CAN BE OUT OF CONTROL. BUYING SOMETHING YOU WANT AND YOU OBTAINED IT SO EASILY WITHOUT ANY HASSLE CAN BE SO ADDICTING. THEY WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO STOP BUYING ONLINE AND THIS WOULD CAUSE PROBLEMS FINANCIALLY.
HOWEVER, I THINK PEOPLE ARE CAPABLE OF DISCIPLINE. IF PEOPLE ARE SPENDING THEIR MONEY WISELY, THEN ONLINE SHOPPING IS NOT A BAD THING. I BELIEVE THAT THIS IS NOT THE ONLY REASON WHY YOUNG PEOPLE ARE SPENDING THEIR MONEY ONLINE WITHOUT ANY CONTROL. THERE ARE FACTORS AS WELL, FOR EXAMPLE, A PERSON IS FEELING DOWN BECAUSE OF SOME CIRCUMSTANCES AND TRAINED THEMSELVES SINCE THE BEGINNING THAT THROUGH SHOPPING IS THE ONLY WAY TO DISTRACT THEM, WHICH IS OBVIOUSLY AN UNHEALTHY WAY TO LIFT OUR SPIRITS.
IN CONCLUSION, PROGRESS COMES WITH A PRICE, HOWEVER, PEOPLE ARE CAPABLE TO SPEND THEIR MONEY WISELY THEN BUYING THINGS ON THE INTERNET IS A GOOD OPTION FOR ALL OF US. CITIZENS WHO ARE NOT CAPABLE OF GOING OUTSIDE TO ATTEND SOME ERRANDS BECAUSE OF THEIR DISABILITIES, THEREFORE, SHOPPING ONLINE IS A BIG HELP TO THEM.
https://ieltsonlinetests.com/wot/result/writing-practice-test-1-1114140
In today's world, with the advancement of technology, online shopping is becoming more popular. The vast majority of pupils believe that it opened a new way of getting orders by sitting at home, with one click in a short period of time. I strongly agree with this idea and will explain my opinion through examples.
First and foremost, Shopping through the Internet is easily accessible and we can save a lot of time. For instance, these days, people don’t have free time for purchasing items by visiting the mart, markets, and shopping malls and spent 3 to 4 hours of their day. Pupil just took their mobile phones and open the e-commerce website such as Amazon, Walmart, Daraz, etc. and get their desired products from all over the world within 3 to 4 business days. If we avoid cybercrime in online shopping, then we enhance our sales dramatically and develop customer interest as well
Another reason I agree with the statement is that in corona pandemic, people also get a lot of benefits through web buying. For example, in 2019 majority population of the world was affected by viruses, physical stores were completely shut down and everyone remained inside their houses. Moreover, people also get their food, living items, and groceries through online platforms.
On the contrary, few people think that online purchasing has involved more scammers and provides wrong information to the customer. Such as, I bought a pair of shoes for myself through an e-commerce website, at the site, the picture was well-edited and attracted me to the checkout procedure. Firstly, my package was delayed for two days, when I received the product then it was totally changed in size, I ordered 7 numbers and get 9 numbers which were useless for me. I contacted the manager and request to refund of my money but that was a long procedure. As a result, some people discourage the buying through Internet.
In conclusion, although it is a common perception that people avoid buying items through the Internet, I believe it doesn’t need spare time and also was very effective during pandemics. Personally, I think, we should enjoy the facility of online buying.
This diagram depicts the process of how a wave energy machine works and the installation of the machine at different locations based on its desired output.
As far as the first image is concerned, this is a process of producing electricity through a wave energy machine. It consists of two chambers upper chamber including the turbine and the lower chamber comprises a partition for the water entrance. When the water wave enters through the bottom chamber of the machine then it increases the pressure which moves upward direction through the partition available between the two chambers. This water flow in the upper chamber creates to start the turbine in a clockwise direction. There is also one strainer partition present at the upper chamber which allows the airflow to make pressure in a downward direction which further helps the turbine to move in same direction. Extra pressure is removed through large opening at upper chamber. Electricity generator is attached at left of the upper chamber of the machine to transfer the electricity to grid.
The second image shows how we can get maximum output by installing it at different locations. There are two machines were installed according to the water wave height. The machine on the left side of the picture is encountered with a maximum height of the water and also releases a large amount of water which makes strong hydraulic jumps and produces maximum output. Although it's not economical for small villages or low population. On the other hand, a second machine on the right side of the image is striking with low water wave which producing low output and seems like that it is more economical for small city.
In conclusion, both images are the energy-producing machines to be installed at rivers or canals.