SECTION 1

A Excuse me, I'm sorry to bother you, but would you have time to answer a few
questions?
B What's it about?
A We're doing some market research for a new television channel starting in two years'
time.
B OK, why not?
A Lovely, we'll just work through this form. And if we could start with some personal
background information .. .
B Sure.
A Right, if I could just have your age .. .
B 35. Example
A Right, great.. .
Repeat
A Right, great. And your job?
B Systems analyst, but for the form I don't know whether it would count as professional
or business or what.
A What do you think?
B OK, it's more like business. Ql
A Fine. And would you mind my asking about your salary? Or we can leave it blank.
B No, I don't mind. It's ￡40,000 a year. Q2
A Thank you. Right.. . about your current watching habits .. . what would you say is
your main reason for watching TV?
B Well, at work I tend to read for information and what have you, so I'd say that with TV Q3
it probably just helps me relax and unwind.
A Fine. And how many hours a day on average do you watch TV?
B Not a lot really .. . I should say just over an hour. Q4
A So what are the two main times of the day that you watch TV?
B Well, a little around breakfast time and then it tends to be really late - eleven or even Q5
midnight - when I've finished work.
A And what sort of programmes do you go for?
B Some news bulletins but I also really like to put my feet up with some of the old
comedy shows.
A Fine. And turning to the new channel... which type of programmes would you like to
see more of?
B Well, I certainly don't think we need any more factual programmes like news and
documentaries. I think we need more about things like local information ... you know, Q6
providing a service for the community. And in the same vein, perhaps more for Q6
younger viewers .. . you know, good quality stuff.
A Ah ha. And if you had to give the new directors some specific advice when they set up
the channel, what advice would you give them?
B I think I'd advise them to pay a lot of attention to the quality of the actual broadcast, Q7
you know, the sound system. People are very fussy these days about that and in general
I think they ought to do lots more of these kinds of interview, you know, talking with Q7
their potential customers.
A Oh, I'm glad you think it's valuable!
B Certainly .. . yeah.
A Good. OK, this will be a commercial channel of course, but how often do you think it
is tolerable to have adverts?
B Well out of that list I'd say every quarter of an hour. 1 don't think we can complain Q8
about that, as long as they don't last for ten minutes each time!
A Quite. And .. . would you be willing to attend any of our special promotions for the
new channel?
B Yes, I'd be very happy to, as long as they're held here in my area. Q9
A OK, I'll make a note of that. And finally, may we put you on our mailing list?
B Well, I'd prefer not. .. except for the information about the promotion you mentioned. Q10
A Can I have your name and address?
B Of course .. . here's my card.
A Oh, lovely... and thank you very much for your time and we look forward to seeing
you.
B Yes, indeed. Urn, thanks.

SECTION 2

ELIZABETH OK, well, good morning everybody! My name's Elizabeth Reed and I'm your Assistant Welfare Officer. What I'd like to do now is tell you a little more
about some of the er .. . the social facilities available on the campus, and also
to tell you something about what the town has to offer.
As you probably know already, the Student Union Building is the main
centre of social life here, as indeed it is in most British Universities. The
Union runs a weekly programme of events for all tastes .. . oh everything
from discos to talks by guest speakers. Many of these events are fund raising Qll
activities for charities, which the Union takes very seriously. They manage the
Students' Union papershop, selling magazines and newspapers, as well as Q12
stationery, sweets and so on. Um .. . Then .. . er, let me see.. . there's the
Ticket Shop, where you can get some very good deals on, well for example, Q13
coaches to London or inexpensive charter flights, as cheap as you'll get
anywhere people say, or tickets for big pop groups playing here or at other
venues all over the country, or plays in London - oh and we mustn't forget
the Union Cafeteria and the Big New Diner.. . Er .. . yes? Did you have a QJ4
question?
STUDENT Yes, does the Union also provide help with any problems, I mean advice on
financial problems, for example? Or does the University provide that?
ELIZABETH: Yes, the Union run their own advice service, offering help with financial Q15
matters such as grants. I am sure you realise anything medical should be
discussed with the University Medical Service, which also has an excellent
counselling centre. I think that was made clear yesterday. However the Union Q16
has its own officer who can give advice on legal problems.
Now, onto Radford. For a town of its size, Radford has some unusually
good leisure and community facilities and has quite a good shopping centre,
with an interesting range of shops. As you go into Radford, there's a new . . .
well, quite new .. . Olympic-size swimming pool. That's on the outskirts at a Example
place called Renton. Above the pool there's a hi-tech fitness centre. Are there Q17
any ice skaters here? No? Oh, pity! The facilities for ice-skating are excellent.
Well, the new Metro Tower, right in the centre of town has got an ice rink QI8
and a sports hall for squash, badminton, volleyball and several other indoor
sports. And in the same building there's a new cinema with six screens. Er .. . Q19
then, let me see, in the main square, just two minutes' walk from the Metro Q20
Tower, there's the Theatre Royal, which often gets London productions on
tour... and in the streets nearby you can find a good range of inexpensive
restaurants including Indian, Chinese, Thai and .. .

SECTION 3

DR SIMON OK, welcome back to the new term. Hope you've had a good break and that
you're looking forward to writing your dissertation .. . What I'd like to do in
this session is give you the opportunity to ask questions on writing the
dissertation .. . requirements, milestones .. . who to see when you need help.
It's very informal... it may all be written on paper, but it's nice to get it
confirmed. So anything you'd like to ask?
ANDY Dr Simon, is there a fixed hand-in date yet?
DR SIMON Right. I can confirm that that's 21 May, not 20 as we first stated. OK? .. . Q21
Jane?
JANE What about the word limit?
DR SIMON Well we try to be pretty flexible on this, but in broad terms it's 18-20,000. Q22
JANE Ah.. .
DR SIMON And you can choose your topics .. . anything from Years 2 and 3 .. . Yes?
JANE I still haven't got any idea what I want to do it on. Who .. . ?
DR SIMON Well, you should see your course tutor to agree on your final title and you
should also be aware that there's a special programme running on research Q23
methods for anyone who wants some extra help on that.
JANE Can I just check on the deadlines for everything?
DR SIMON Yes, sure. Look, let me write it on the board .. . when the different stages
have to be completed. First of all you've got to work on your basic
bibliography, and that's due in to your course tutor by 31 January .. . which
is just two weeks away, so you'd better get a move on on that.
ANDY Do we have to have our own draft plan by then?
DR SIMON No, your draft plan is due on 7 February, which is a week later, so that . Q24
should give you plenty of time.
JANE And when do we have to be doing the research? Q25
DR SIMON That's over a one-month period . . . essentially February to March.
ANDY And the write up?
DR SIMON Well, you can't really get going on your writing until you've got quite a bit of Q26
the research done, so that's really March to May, with the hand in date on
21st. Any more questions?
ANDY Well, sir, just some advice really. It's about computers . .. would you advise
us to buy one?
DR SIMON What can 1 say, Andy? I know it's a massive expense, but I really feel that it Q27
will be of great benefit... you can always look in the Student Union adverts
for second hand ones. Yes?
JANE I've been looking at some of last year's dissertations.
ANDY Is that a good idea, sir? I heard .. .
DR SIMON Well, I don't think you should read them in detail too early or you might end
up taking more of their ideas than you realise. But yes .. . it really is the best Q28
guide you can have to the expectations of the .. . of what's expected when
you write a dissertation.
ANDY Sorry, Jane, I interrupted you.
JANE That's OK. It's just that they did a lot of research using questionnaires .. . is
that a good idea?
DR SIMON I think questionnaires are very good at telling you how people
questionnaires, but to be frank they tell you very little else. Avoid them! Q29
ANDY About interviews .. . is it OK if we interview you?
DR SIMON The tutors? I don't see why not; they don't have any special contribution to Q30
make, but you can if you want. There's a whole section on this issue in the
Research Guide. I'm afraid it's slightly out of date, and you're probably
better talking to the tutor on the Research Methods course, but you might
find it useful to start there.
ANDY/JANE OK, thanks.
DR SIMON OK .. . well, great, I hope that sorted a few things out. You can always come
and see me or drop me a note if you've got any more queries.
ANDY/JANE Fine.
DR SIMON OK. Thanks .. .

SECTION 4

LECTURER
Good morning. This morning we are continuing our look at Australia and its
natural problems. Actually dryness, or aridity, as it is generally called by geographers, is
probably the most challenging of Australia's natural problems and so it is very
important in this course for you to have a good understanding of the subject. ForAustralia, water is a precious resource and its wise management is of the greatest
importance.
As I have said, Australia is a dry continent, second only to Antarctica in its lack of Q31
rainfall. Long hours of hot sunshine and searing winds give Australia an extremely high
rate of evaporation, far more than in most other countries. It is estimated that
approximately 87% of Australia's rainfall is lost through evaporation, compared with just Q32
over 60% in Europe and Africa and 48% in North America. You generally think of Africa
as being a very hot and dry place, but it is not in comparison with Australia. In many parts
of Australia standing water, that is dams, puddles and so forth, dry up rapidly and some
rainfall barely penetrates the soil. The reason for this is that the moisture is absorbed by Q33
thirsty plants.
Some parts of Australia are dry because rainwater seeps quickly through sandy soils Q34
and into the rock below. In parts of Australia this water which seeps through the sandy
soil collects underground to form underground lakes. Water from these subterranean lakes can be pumped to the surface and tapped and so used for various purposes above the ground. In fact, extensive underground water resources are available over more than half of Australia's land area, but most of the water is too salty to be used for human consumption or for the irrigation of crops. However, most inland farmers do rely on this Q35
water for watering their animals and, where possible, to a lesser extent for irrigation.
Underground water can flow very large distances and can be kept in underground
reservoirs for a very long time. Water from these underground reservoirs bubbles to the
surface as springs in some parts of the country, and these rare sources of permanent water Q36
were vital to early explorers of inland Australia, and to other pioneers last century, who
used the springs for survival. But in many places levels have fallen drastically through
continuous use over the years. This has necessitated the pumping of the water to the
surface. Remarkably, underground water sources in Australia supply about 18% of Q37
total water consumption. So you can see it is quite an important source of water in this dryland.
So most of the consumption of water in Australia comes from water which is kept
above ground. More than 300 dams regulate river flows around the country. The dams
store water for a variety of functions, the rural irrigation of crops, without which many Q38
productive areas of the country would not be able to be farmed; the regulation of flooding, Q39
a serious problem which will be dealt with later in the course; and last but not least, the
harnessing of the force of gravity for the generation of electricity. Q40
That is all we have time for this morning, but you will be able to do further study on this
important area in the library. I have a handout here with references on the subject, so if
you are interested, please come up to the desk and take a copy.
Next week's lecture is a case study of an outback farm and .. .

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